Njengoba ukungqubuzana okuqhubekayo phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine, iRussia ne-Ukraine njengamazwe athumela i-graphite electrode eShayina, kuzokwakha umthelela othile ekuthunyelweni kwe-graphite electrode eShayina?
Okokuqala, izinto zokusetshenziswa
Impi phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine ikhulise ukuguquguquka emakethe kawoyela, futhi njengoba izinto ezikhona ziphansi kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla okusebenza emhlabeni wonke, kungaba ukwanda kwamanani kawoyela kuphela okuzonciphisa isidingo. Njengoba kuthinteka ukuguquguquka kwemakethe kawoyela ongahluziwe, i-coke kaphethiloli yasekhaya, amanani e-coke yenaliti abonisa ithuba lokwenyuka.
Intengo ye-petroleum coke ngemuva kweholide ibonise ukwenyuka kathathu kulandelana, ngisho nokwenyuka kane kulandelana, njengoba kushicilelwe kwabezindaba, intengo ye-jinxi petrochemical coking engu-6000 yuan/ton, ikhuphuke ngo-900 yuan/ton ngonyaka, intengo ye-Daqing Petrochemical engu-7300 yuan/ton, ikhuphuke ngo-1000 yuan/ton unyaka nonyaka.
I-Needle coke, ngemuva komkhosi ibonise ukwenyuka okuphindwe kabili, i-oil needle coke inyuke kakhulu ngama-yuan angu-2000/ton, njengoba kushicilelwe, intengo ye-graphite electrode yasekhaya yama-yuan angu-13,000-14,000/ton, ukwenyuka okumaphakathi kwanyanga zonke kwama-yuan angu-2000/ton. I-coke ephekiwe yochungechunge lwamafutha engenisiwe engu-2000-2200/ton, ethintwe yi-coke yochungechunge lwamafutha, intengo ye-coke yamalahle nayo ikhuphuke ngezinga elithile, i-electrode ye-graphite yasekhaya ene-coke yamalahle e-coke ephekiwe inikeza ama-yuan angu-110-12,000/ton, ukwenyuka okumaphakathi kwanyanga zonke kwama-yuan angu-750/ton. I-electrode ye-graphite engenisiwe ene-coke yamalahle ecashunwe ngo-1450-1700 USD/ton.
I-Russia ingenye yabakhiqizi bakawoyela abathathu abaphambili emhlabeni, ebalelwa ku-12.1% wokukhiqizwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe emhlabeni wonke ngo-2020, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ikakhulukazi eYurophu naseShayina. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sempi ye-Russia-Ukraine esikhathini esizayo sizoba nomthelela omkhulu emananini kawoyela. Uma impi "ye-blitzkrieg" iphenduka "impi eqhubekayo", kulindeleke ukuthi ibe nomthelela oqhubekayo wokukhulisa amanani kawoyela. Futhi uma izingxoxo zokuthula ezilandelayo zihamba kahle futhi impi iphela maduze, lokho kungabeka ingcindezi ephansi emananini kawoyela, akhushulwe phezulu. Ngenxa yalokho, amanani kawoyela azohlala ebuswa esikhathini esifushane yisimo se-Russian-Ukraine. Kusukela kulokhu, izindleko ze-graphite electrode azikacaci.
Okwesibili, ukuthumela ngaphandle
Ngo-2021, umkhiqizo we-graphite electrode eShayina wawungamathani angaba yizigidi ezingu-1.1, okwathunyelwa kuwo amathani angu-425,900, okwabalelwa ku-34.49% womkhiqizo waminyaka yonke we-graphite electrode eShayina. Ngo-2021, iShayina yathumela amathani angu-39,400 ama-graphite electrode eRussian Federation kanye namathani angu-16,400 avela e-Ukraine, okwabalelwa ku-13.10% womkhiqizo wonke wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngo-2021 kanye no-5.07% womkhiqizo waminyaka yonke we-graphite electrodes eShayina.
Ezigabeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2021, umkhiqizo we-graphite electrode eShayina ungaba ngamathani angu-240,000. Ngokuphathelene nemikhawulo yokukhiqiza yokuvikelwa kwemvelo eHenan, eHebei, eShanxi naseShandong, ikota yokuqala ka-2022 ingase ibone ukwehla konyaka nonyaka cishe ngo-40%. Kwikota yokuqala ka-2021, iShayina ithumele ngaphandle inani lamathani angu-0.7900 ama-graphite electrode avela eRussian Federation nase-Ukraine, empeleni okwakungaphansi kuka-6%.
Njengamanje, imboni ye-electrode ye-graphite eqhumayo engezansi, i-electrode kagesi kanye ne-non-steel iqala kabusha ukukhiqizwa ngokulandelana, ukuthengwa kwe-“buy up not buy down” engqondweni, ukwehla okuncane kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kungaba nzima ukuba nomthelela othile emakethe ye-electrode ye-graphite yasekhaya.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, esikhathini esifushane, izindleko ziseyisici esiyinhloko esithinta imakethe ye-graphite electrode yaseShayina, futhi ukubuyiselwa kwesidingo kuyindima yokushisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-04-2022