Umehluko phakathi kwe-graphite ne-carbon phakathi kwezinto ze-carbon usendleleni eyakha ngayo ikhabhoni endabeni ngayinye.Ama-athomu ekhabhoni abopha ngamaketango namasongo.Kuzo zonke izinto zekhabhoni, ukwakheka okuyingqayizivele kwekhabhoni kungakhiqizwa.
Ikhabhoni ikhiqiza izinto ezithambile (i-graphite) kanye nento eqinile (idayimane).Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinto zekhabhoni usendleleni eyakha ngayo ikhabhoni endabeni ngayinye.Ama-athomu ekhabhoni abopha ngamaketango namasongo.Kuzo zonke izinto zekhabhoni, ukwakheka okuyingqayizivele kwekhabhoni kungakhiqizwa.
Lesi sakhi sinekhono elikhethekile lokwenza amabhondi nezinhlanganisela ngokwaso, siyinikeze ikhono lokuhlela nokuhlela kabusha ama-athomu ayo.Kuzo zonke izakhi, ikhabhoni ikhiqiza inani eliphakeme kakhulu lezinhlanganisela - cishe ukwakheka okuyizigidi eziyi-10!
Ikhabhoni inokusetshenziswa okunhlobonhlobo okuhlukene, kokubili njengezinhlanganisela zekhabhoni nekhabhoni.Ngokuyinhloko, isebenza njengama-hydrocarbon ngesimo segesi ye-methane namafutha angcolile.Uwoyela ongahluziwe ungachithwa kuphethiloli kanye nophalafini.Zombili lezi zinto zisebenza njengamafutha okufudumala, imishini, nokunye okuningi.
Ikhabhoni nayo inesibopho sokwenza amanzi, inhlanganisela edingekayo ekuphileni.Ikhona futhi njengama-polymers njenge-cellulose (ezitshalweni) namapulasitiki.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-graphite iyi-allotrope ye-carbon;lokhu kusho ukuthi into eyenziwe ngekhabhoni emsulwa kuphela.Amanye ama-allotropes ahlanganisa idayimane, i-amorphous carbon, namalahle.
I-graphite” ivela egameni lesiGreki elithi “graphein,” ngesiNgisi elisho “ukubhala.”Yakheka lapho ama-athomu e-carbon ehlangana namanye abe amashidi, i-graphite iwuhlobo oluzinzile lwekhabhoni.
I-graphite ithambile kodwa inamandla kakhulu.Imelana nokushisa futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-conductor yokushisa enhle.Itholakala emadwaleni e-metamorphic, ibonakala njengento eyinsimbi kodwa e-opaque kumbala osukela kokumpunga okumnyama kuya kokumnyama.I-graphite inamafutha, isici esiyenza ibe okokugcoba okuhle.
I-graphite iphinde isetshenziswe njenge-pigment kanye ne-ejenti yokubumba ekukhiqizeni ingilazi.Ama-nuclear reactors nawo asebenzisa i-graphite njengomengameli we-electron.
Akumangalisi ukuthi kungani kukholakala ukuthi i-carbon ne-graphite yinto eyodwa;bahlobene phela.I-graphite ivela ku-carbon, futhi i-carbon yenza i-graphite.Kodwa ukubhekisisa kuzokukwenza ubone ukuthi awafani.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-04-2020