Umehluko oyinhloko ekuziphatheni kwe-calcination phakathi kwe-coke esuselwe ku-oyela kanye ne-coke esuselwe kumalahle usezindleleni zokusabela ezihlukile eziqhutshwa umehluko ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali awo aluhlaza, okuholela ekushintsheni okukhulu ekuguqukeni kwesakhiwo sekristalu, izinguquko zempahla ebonakalayo, kanye nobunzima bokulawula izinqubo. Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kungokulandelayo:
1. Umehluko Ekubunjweni Kwamakhemikhali Ezinto Ezingavuthiwe Ubeka Isisekelo Sokuziphatha Kokubalwa Kwe-Calcination
I-coke esekelwe ku-oyela itholakala kuma-distillates asindayo njenge-petroleum residue kanye ne-catalytic cracking clearance oil. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali kubonakala kakhulu ngama-hydrocarbon aromatic aromatic axhunyiwe ngomugqa, anokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-sulfur, i-nitrogen, i-oxygen, kanye ne-metallic heteroatom, kanye nokungcola okuncane okuqinile kanye ne-quinoline-insoluble matter. Lokhu kwakheka kuphumela enqubweni ye-calcination elawulwa ukusabela kwe-pyrolysis, ngendlela elula yokusabela kanye nokususwa kokungcola okuphelele.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-coke esekelwe kumalahle ikhiqizwa nge-coal tar pitch kanye nama-distillates ayo, aqukethe ingxenye ephezulu yama-hydrocarbon aromatic aromatic acinene kanye nama-polycyclic aromatic chain ahlanganisiwe, kanye nenani elikhulu le-sulfur, i-nitrogen, i-oxygen heteroatom, kanye nokungcola okuqinile. Ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-coke esekelwe kumalahle akuholeli nje kuphela ekuphenduleni kwe-pyrolysis kodwa futhi nasekuphenduleni okuphawulekayo kokuminyana ngesikhathi se-calcination, okuholela endleleni yokusabela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kanye nobunzima obukhulu ekususweni kokungcola.
2. Umehluko Ekwakhekeni Kwekristalu Ukuziphendukela Kwemvelo Kuthinta Izakhiwo Zezinto Ezibonakalayo
Ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwe-calcination, ama-microcrystal e-carbon ku-coke esuselwe ku-oyela akhula kancane kancane ngobubanzi (La), ukuphakama (Lc), kanye nenani lezingqimba ngaphakathi kwamakristalu (N). Okuqukethwe kwama-microcrystal e-graphite afanele (Ig/Iall) nakho kukhuphuka kakhulu. Nakuba i-Lc ibhekana "nephuzu lokushintshashintsha" ngenxa yokuphuma kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kanye nokuncipha kwe-coke eluhlaza, isakhiwo sekristalu sisonke siba njalo, ngezinga eliphakeme le-graphitization. Lokhu kuthuthuka kwesakhiwo kunikeza i-coke esuselwe ku-oyela izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njenge-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa ephansi, ukumelana kukagesi okuphansi, kanye nokuqhuba kukagesi okuphezulu ngemva kokwakheka kwe-calcination, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-electrode e-graphite amakhulu amakhulu.
Ngokufanayo, isakhiwo se-carbon microcrystal se-coke esekelwe kumalahle siyashintsha ngokwanda kwe-La, i-Lc, kanye ne-N ngesikhathi se-calcination. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yethonya lokungcola kanye nokusabela kokujiya kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, kuneziphambeko eziningi zekristalu, futhi ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-graphite microcrystal okuhle kunqunyelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isenzakalo "sephuzu lokushintshashintsha" se-Lc sibonakala kakhulu ku-coke esekelwe kumalahle, futhi izingqimba ezisanda kufakwa zibonisa "amaphutha okuhlanganisa" ngokungahleliwe ngezingqimba zokuqala, okuholela ekushintsheni okukhulu kwesikhala se-interlayer (d002). Lezi zici zesakhiwo ziholela ku-coke esekelwe kumalahle ibe ne-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa okuphansi kanye nokumelana kukagesi kune-coke esekelwe kumalahle ngemuva kwe-calcination, kodwa amandla aphansi kanye nokumelana nokuklwebheka, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-electrode anamandla aphezulu kanye nama-electrode anamandla aphezulu aphezulu.
3. Umehluko Ezinguqukweni Zezakhiwo Ezibonakalayo Unquma Izindawo Zokufaka Isicelo
Ngesikhathi sokucubungula, i-coke esekelwe ku-oyela idlula ekuphumeni kwe-volatile matter kanye nokuncipha kwevolumu efanayo, okuholela ekukhuleni okukhulu kobuningi beqiniso (kufika ku-2.00–2.12 g/cm³) kanye nokuthuthuka okukhulu kwamandla omshini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhanjiswa kukagesi, ukumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation, kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali kwezinto ezifakwe i-calcium kukhuliswa kakhulu, kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza eziqinile zemikhiqizo ye-graphite ephezulu.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-coke esekelwe kumalahle ibhekana nokugxila kokucindezeleka kwendawo ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kokungcola, okuholela ekuncipheni kwevolumu engalingani kanye nokwanda okuncane kobuningi beqiniso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla aphansi kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka okubi kwe-coke esekelwe kumalahle ngemva kokubala, kanye nokuthambekela kwayo kokukhula ngesikhathi se-graphitization yokushisa okuphezulu, kudinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwesilinganiso sokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa. Lezi zici zezakhiwo zikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwe-coke esekelwe kumalahle emasimini aphezulu, yize i-coefficient yayo yokwanda kokushisa okuphansi kanye nokumelana kukagesi kusayenza ingathathelwa indawo ezindaweni ezithile.
4. Umehluko Ekulawulweni Kwezinqubo Ubunzima Buthinta Ukusebenza Kahle Kokukhiqiza
Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali okulula, i-coke esekelwe ku-oyela ibonisa izindlela ezicacile zokusabela ngesikhathi se-calcination, okuholela ekubunzimeni obuphansi bokulawula inqubo. Ngokwenza ngcono amapharamitha afana nokushisa kwe-calcination, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokulawula umkhathi, ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwemikhiqizo ene-calcined kungathuthukiswa ngempumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-volatible matter ku-coke esekelwe ku-oyela kunikeza amandla okushisa ahlinzekwa nguwe ngesikhathi se-calcination, kunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-coke esuselwe kumalahle kuholela ezindleleni ezahlukahlukene zokusabela ngesikhathi se-calcination, okwandisa ubunzima bokulawula inqubo. Ukwelashwa okuqinile kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kwangaphambili, ukulawulwa okunembile kwesilinganiso sokushisa, kanye nokulungiswa okukhethekile komkhathi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ezinzile ngemva kwe-calcination. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-coke esuselwe kumalahle idinga ukwengezwa okwengeziwe kwamandla okushisa ngesikhathi se-calcination, okwandisa izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-07-2026