Yiziphi izimiso, izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwemishini ehlukene yokukhiqiza i-graphitized petroleum coke?

Enqubweni yokukhiqiza i-graphitized petroleum coke, imishini ehlukene ifinyelela ukuguqulwa okuhlelekile kwezakhiwo ze-carbon athomu ngokusebenzisa izimiso zayo zenqubo ezihlukile, kanti izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwayo kubonakala kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla, ukusebenza kahle, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kanye nezindleko zokugcinwa kwemishini. Ngezansi ukuhlaziywa kwemishini eyinhloko, kanye nezimiso zayo, izinzuzo, kanye nokungalungi:

I. Isithando Sokushisa I-Graphitization (Imishini Eyinhloko)

Isimiso:
Isithando sokushisa esisebenzisa ukushisa okuphezulu (ngokuvamile sifinyelela ku-2400-3000°C), sisebenzisa amandla okusebenza okushisa ukuze sishukumise ama-athomu e-carbon ukuba ashintshele esakhiweni esinezingqimba ezingahlelekile aye esakhiweni sekristalu se-graphite esihleliwe, ngaleyo ndlela siqedele inqubo ye-graphitization. Ingqikithi yaso iwukunikeza indawo eqhubekayo nefanayo yokushisa okuphezulu ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuhlelwa kabusha kwesakhiwo sama-athomu e-carbon ngaphakathi kwe-petroleum coke.

Izinzuzo:

• Ikhwalithi Yomkhiqizo Ephakeme: Ingakhiqiza i-coke kaphethiloli ene-graphitized enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni, i-sulfur ephansi, kanye ne-nitrogen ephansi, ihlangabezana nezidingo zobumsulwa obuphezulu zama-carburizer ezimbonini zensimbi ezisezingeni eliphezulu, insimbi ekhethekile, kanye ne-metallurgical.
• Inqubo Yokuvuthwa: Njengemishini yendabuko, indlela yayo yezobuchwepheshe izinzile futhi ifanele ukukhiqizwa ngezinga elikhulu.

Okubi:

• Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Aphezulu: Ukucubungula amazinga okushisa aphezulu kudinga amandla kagesi amakhulu, okwenza cishe u-50% wezindleko zokukhiqiza ze-graphite yokwenziwa.
• Umjikelezo Omude Wokukhiqiza: Izitofu ze-graphitization eziqinile zidinga izinsuku eziyi-10-20 zokupholisa nokukhipha izinto, okwandisa umjikelezo wokukhiqiza jikelele.
• Izindleko Eziphezulu Zokulungisa Imishini: Indawo eshisa kakhulu isheshisa ukuguga kwezinto zesithando, okudinga ukulungiswa njalo.

II. Isithando Sokushisa Esiqhubekayo Se-Graphitization (Imishini Ethuthukisiwe)

Isimiso:
Isithando somlilo esiqhubekayo se-graphitization sisebenzisa umklamo wendawo yokushisa enamandla, okwenza i-petroleum coke ikwazi ukomisa, i-calcination, i-graphitization, kanye nezigaba zokupholisa ngokulandelana njengoba ihamba esithandweni, ifinyelela ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo. Ingqikithi yaso itholakala ekufinyezeni isikhathi sokucubungula ngebhetshi ngayinye ngokugeleza kwezinto.

Izinzuzo:

• Ukusebenza Kahle Kokukhiqiza Okuphezulu: Ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kukagesi, izinto ziqhubeka zihamba ngaphakathi kwesithando, kunciphisa isikhathi sokucubungula ngeqoqo ngalinye sibe amahora amaningana kuya ezinsukwini.
• Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Okuphansi Kakhulu: Ngokwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kokushisa nokunciphisa imijikelezo yokushisa engadingekile, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla komkhiqizo weyunithi kuyancishiswa.
• Ikhwalithi Yomkhiqizo Ezinzile: Ukulawulwa kwendawo yokushisa enamandla kunciphisa ukushisa ngokweqile noma ukufudumala okungaphansi kwendawo, okuthuthukisa ukuqina komkhiqizo.

Okubi:

• Ubunzima Obuphezulu Bemishini: Ukulawulwa okunembile kwesilinganiso sokugeleza kwezinto, ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo yokushisa, kanye neminye imingcele kuyadingeka, okubeka umkhawulo wobuchwepheshe ophezulu.
• Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Okuphezulu Kokuqala: Izindleko zokwakha zomugqa wokukhiqiza oqhubekayo ziphakeme kunezemishini yeqembu evamile.

III. I-Ultrafine Grinder (Imishini Esizayo)

Isimiso:
I-grinder ye-ultrafine isebenzisa ukushayisana okusheshayo, ukugunda, kanye nokukhipha ukuze i-coke ye-petroleum e-graphitized ibe yizinhlayiya ezinobukhulu be-micron (isb., i-mesh engu-200), ihlangabezana nezidingo zobukhulu bezinhlayiya zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile njengezithasiselo zerabha.

Izinzuzo:

• Ukulawulwa Kosayizi Wezinhlayiyana Okunembile: Kungakhiqiza impuphu ezicolekile kakhulu ezisukela ku-0.001-0.1mm, ezihlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe eziphezulu.
• Umklamo Wokugqoka Okuphansi: Ukusebenzisa izinto ze-alloy eziqinile kakhulu zokugaya izando namasongo egiya kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini.
• Ukuzenzakalela Okuphezulu: Izinhlelo zokuhlela ezihlanganisiwe kanye nokuqoqa zinciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla, zithuthukisa ukuzinza kokukhiqiza.

Okubi:

• Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Okwengeziwe Ngokuhluzwa Kosayizi Wezinhlayiyana: Ukugaya kuze kufike emazingeni e-micron kudinga ukufakwa kwamandla aphezulu, okwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla komkhiqizo weyunithi.
• Izindleko Eziphezulu Zemishini: Izinto zokwakha i-Superhard alloy kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlukanisa ngokunemba zifaka isandla ekutshalweni kwezimali kokuqala okuphezulu.

IV. Isithando Somlilo Sokucwilisa I-Calcination (Imishini Yokwelapha Ngaphambi Kokwelashwa)

Isimiso:
Isithando somlilo se-calcination siphatha i-coke ye-petroleum eluhlaza cishe ku-1300°C ukuze kususwe izinto eziguquguqukayo futhi kwandiswe okuqukethwe yi-carbon, okuhlinzeka ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-graphitization elandelayo. Ingqikithi yaso ilawula izinga lokushisa le-calcination kanye nesikhathi sokuvimbela ukusha ngokweqile.

Izinzuzo:

• Ikhwalithi Yokusetshenziswa Okuthuthukisiwe: Ukufakwa kwe-calcination kunciphisa izinto eziguquguqukayo futhi kuthuthukisa amandla okusebenza, okwenza i-petroleum coke ifaneleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-graphitization.
• Ukuhambisana Okuqinile Kwenqubo: Ingacubungula i-coke kaphethiloli eluhlaza evela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, ivumela ukuhlukahluka kwezinto zokusetshenziswa.

Okubi:

• Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Aphezulu: Ukushisa okuqhubekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe i-calcination emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kwandisa izindleko zamandla.
• Ukucindezela Okubalulekile Kwezemvelo: Ukushiswa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kungadala ukungcola, okudinga (ukusekela) izinhlelo zokwelapha igesi yomsila.

V. Izincomo Zokuqhathaniswa Nokukhethwa Kwemishini

Izincomo Zokukhetha:

• Beka phambili isithando sokushisa i-graphitization uma ikhwalithi ephezulu yomkhiqizo kanye nokuzinza kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi ukuzwela kwezindleko kuphansi.
• Khetha isithando sokushisa esiqhubekayo se-graphitization uma ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuyizinto eziza kuqala.
• I-grinder ye-ultrafine ibaluleke kakhulu uma ihlose izimakethe zempuphu ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinobukhulu be-micron.
• Isithando somlilo se-calcination, njengemishini yokwelapha ngaphambi kokwelashwa, kufanele silungiswe ngendlela eguquguqukayo ngokusekelwe kwikhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa.