Ukwenziwa kwe-graphitization, njengenqubo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza, kuvame ukwenziwa ezinhlotsheni ezine zemishini: isithando somlilo se-graphitization se-Acheson, isithando somlilo se-graphitization sangaphakathi, isithando somlilo se-graphitization sohlobo lwebhokisi, kanye nesithando somlilo se-graphitization esiqhubekayo. Ukuhlaziywa okuqondile kungokulandelayo:
Isithando Sokushisa Se-Acheson Graphitization
Njengengxenye yemishini evamile yendabuko, isebenzisa isimiso sokushisa ukumelana nokushisa ukuze inyuse izinga lokushisa libe ngu-2,800-3,000°C, okwenza ifaneleke ekukhiqizweni kwe-graphite ehlanzekile kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwesithando lunesakhiwo esilula nesiqinile. Kodwa-ke, lunezinkinga ezifana nomjikelezo omude wokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu (cishe u-4,000-4,800 kWh/t), kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphansi. Njengamanje, izinkampani ezifana nePutailai neShanshan zisasebenzisa kabanzi lobu buchwepheshe futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ngokwenza ngcono isilinganiso sezinto zokumelana nokuthuthukisa isakhiwo sokushisa.
Isithando Sokubumba Uchungechunge Lwangaphakathi
Lesi sithando sishisa ngqo ngama-electrode ngokwawo, sisusa isidingo sezinto zokumelana nokushisa ukuze kukhiqizwe ukushisa. Sinikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu, isikhathi esifushane sokusebenza kwamandla (amahora angu-1-2 kuphela ngesikhathi sesigaba sokushisa okuphezulu), kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi (cishe ama-3,300-4,000 kWh/t). Izinhlobo zesithando zifaka uhlobo lwe-I, uhlobo lwe-U, uhlobo lwe-W, kanye nohlobo lwe-plum-blossom, kanti uhlobo lwe-U lusetshenziswa kakhulu. Izitshalo zekhabhoni eJalimane, e-United States, naseJapane zamukele lobu buchwepheshe ngezinga elikhulu ekukhiqizweni kwama-electrode amakhulu e-graphite anamandla aphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokushisa laso eliphezulu lesithando (cishe ama-2,800°C) liphansi kancane kunelesithando se-Acheson.
Isithando Sokubumba I-Graphitization Sohlobo Lwebhokisi
Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa amapuleti ekhabhoni noma e-graphite ukwakha isakhiwo sebhokisi, kusetshenziswa izinto ngokwazo njengesici sokushisa sokumelana esikhundleni sezinto zokumelana zendabuko ezisekelwe ku-coke. Ngokwenza ngcono ukusatshalaliswa kwensimu yokushisa, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Kodwa-ke, ibhekene nezinselele ezifana nokushiswa kwezinto, ukusebenza kahle okuphansi kokushisa, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokushisa okungalingani ngaphakathi kwesithando. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Hebei Kuntian kanye ne-Shanshan Co., Ltd. zinezimvume ezifanele futhi zithuthukise ukuhambisana komkhiqizo ngokuthuthukisa ukuvalwa kwebhokisi kanye nokwenza ngcono ijika lamandla.
Isithando Sokushisa Esiqhubekayo Se-Graphitization
Lesi sithando somlilo senza kube lula ukuphakelwa kwezinto okuqhubekayo, ukwelashwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (2,500-3,000°C), kanye nokukhishwa kokupholisa. Sinikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzakalela. Ukulawulwa kwe-gradient yokushisa kutholakala ngokushisa okumelana (indlela yokushisa yangaphandle) noma ukuzifudumeza ngokwakho kwezinto (indlela yokushisa yangaphakathi). Kodwa-ke, indlela yokushisa yangaphakathi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa yokuzifudumeza ngokwakho kanye nokunyakaza kwezinto. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Kuntian kanye ne-BTR zikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwalolu buchwepheshe, okulindeleke ukuthi kuthathe indawo yezindlela zokukhiqiza ngezikhathi ezithile esikhathini esizayo.
Izitayela Zemboni kanye Nezincomo Zokukhetha Imishini
- Ukuthuthukisa Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla: Izithando zangaphakathi zochungechunge kanye nezifana nebhokisi zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokumelana, kuyilapho izithando eziqhubekayo zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngokubuyisa ukushisa, zihambisana nesidingo sokukhiqizwa okungabizi kakhulu ngaphansi kwemigomo yokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.
- Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza Kahle: Izitofu eziqhubekayo zivumela ukukhiqizwa okungaphazanyiswa amahora angama-24, kanye nomthamo womugqa owodwa ofinyelela kumathani ayi-10,000, okungaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu komkhiqizo wemishini yendabuko. Lokhu kuzenza zifaneleke emabhizinisini amakhulu ezinto ze-anode.
- Ikhwalithi Yomkhiqizo: Isithando somlilo sase-Acheson sisathandwa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-graphite ephezulu ngenxa yokufana kwaso kwezinga lokushisa eliphakeme, kuyilapho isithando somlilo esiqhubekayo sihlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokuvumelana kwezinto zebhethri lamandla ngokulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile.
- Ukushintsha Kobuchwepheshe: Izinqubo ezintsha ezifana ne-microwave graphitization kanye ne-plasma graphitization zingaphansi kocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa, okungenzeka zephule umkhawulo wokushisa ongu-3,000°C futhi zinciphise isikhathi sokucubungula esikhathini esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-10-2025