Ngokuvamile, kuyadingeka ukomisa ngenkani umswakama ku-coke eluhlaza ngaphambi kokwenza i-calcination, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezilandelayo lapho ukomisa kuyinqubo ebalulekile:
I. Imiphumela Emibi Yomswakama Enqubweni Yokubala I-Calcination
1. Ukuthinta Ukusebenza Kahle Kokukhishwa Kwezinto Eziguquguqukayo
Uma i-coke eluhlaza (njenge-petroleum coke kanye ne-anthracite) iqukethe umswakama owedlulele, ukuhwamuka kwamanzi kudla ukushisa okukhulu, okuholela ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa esithandweni se-calcination ngesikhathi sokuqala. Lokhu kuthinta ukukhishwa okuzinzile kwezinto eziguquguqukayo (njenge-sulfur kanye nama-hydrogen compounds). Isibonelo, i-petroleum coke ikakhulukazi ikhipha umswakama ngaphansi kwama-200°C. Uma umswakama ungasuswa ngokuphelele, isigaba sokukhishwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo (500-700°C) singase sibambezeleke ngenxa yokushisa okunganele, okuholela ekuncipheni okungalingani kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokuqhekeka komkhiqizo.
2. Ukunciphisa Izakhiwo Ezibonakalayo Zezinto Zokusetshenziswa Ezingavuthiwe
Umswakama unciphisa ukuhlangana phakathi kwezinhlayiya zezinto zokusetshenziswa, okwenza imisebenzi yangaphambi kokucubungula efana nokuchoboza, ukuhlunga, nokugaya ibe nzima. Isibonelo, i-petroleum coke enomswakama ongaphezu kuka-10% ithambekele ekuvaleni imishini ngesikhathi sokuchoboza futhi ikhiqiza ubukhulu bezinhlayiya obungalingani ngemva kokugaya, okuthinta ikhwalithi yezinqubo ezilandelayo zokuxuba nokwakha.
3. Ukwenyuka Kokusetshenziswa Kwamandla Nezindleko
Ukuhwamuka komswakama kudinga ukushisa okwengeziwe. Uma kungenziwanga ukuthi komiswe kusengaphambili, isithando somlilo se-calcination sidinga ukusebenzisa uphethiloli owengeziwe ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa. Uma sithatha i-petroleum coke njengesibonelo, ukunciphisa okuqukethwe komswakama ngo-1% kungonga cishe ama-kilojoule angu-20 ngekhilogramu yokusetshenziswa kokushisa, kanti ukwelashwa kokomisa kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokukhiqiza.
II. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwekhwalithi Yokubala Ngokusebenzisa Ukomisa
1. Ukuthuthukisa Ubuningi kanye Namandla Ezinto Zokusetshenziswa Ezingavuthiwe
Ngemva kokoma, okuqukethwe umswakama kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kwehla ngaphansi kuka-0.3%. Ngesikhathi sokubhaka, ukukhishwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kuphelele, futhi ukuncipha komthamo wezinto zokusetshenziswa kuyafana. Ubuningi beqiniso (isb., ukwanda kusuka ku-1.42-1.61 g/cm³ kuya ku-2.00-2.12 g/cm³ ye-petroleum coke) kanye namandla okusebenza kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, kunciphisa ukuncipha kwesibili kwemikhiqizo ngesikhathi sesigaba sokubhaka.
2. Ukuthuthukisa Ukuqina Komoya kanye Nokumelana Nokushiswa Kwe-Oxidation
Ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwe-calcination, isakhiwo sama-molecule sezinto zokusetshenziswa siyahlelwa kabusha, kanti ukumelana kuyancipha (isb., ukumelana kwe-petroleum coke kuyancipha ngokushisa okwandayo kwe-calcination), kuthuthukisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-conductivity. Okwamanje, ifilimu yekhabhoni ye-pyrolytic ibeka phezu kwezinhlayiya, ikhulisa ukumelana kwe-oxidation futhi yandisa impilo yenkonzo yemikhiqizo.
3. Ukuthuthukisa Ukuzinza Kwenqubo
Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezomisiwe ezinomswakama olinganiselayo zingagwema ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa esithandweni se-calcination futhi zinciphise umonakalo wokucindezeleka kokushisa emishinini. Isibonelo, ngokulawula okuqukethwe komswakama wamalahle angena kuhhavini we-coke ngaphansi kuka-3%, izitshalo ze-coke zingandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwamahhavini e-coke ngeminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 futhi zinciphise izinga lokuguquguquka kwezindonga zegumbi le-coke oven ngo-90%.
III. Izidingo Ezisebenzayo Zenqubo Yokomisa
1. Ukulawula Izinga Lokushisa Nesikhathi
Izinga lokushisa lokomisa ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-110-130°C, futhi isikhathi sidinga ukulungiswa ngokuya ngobukhulu bezinhlayiya kanye nokuqukethwe komswakama kokuqala kwezinto zokusetshenziswa. Isibonelo, i-petroleum coke enobukhulu bezinhlayiya ezingaphansi kuka-3 mm idinga cishe amahora angu-2-4 okomisa ukuqinisekisa ukuhwamuka komswakama okufanayo.
2. Ukukhethwa Kwemishini
Imishini yokomisa evamile ihlanganisa ama-rotary kilns kanye nama-drum dryer. Ama-rotary kilns athola ukomisa okuphumelelayo ngokushisa okuhambisana nokushisa, kuyilapho ama-drum dryer ehlisa ukunamathela kwezinto futhi athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokomisa ngamapuleti okuqondisa angaphakathi kanye namadivayisi okuhlanza.
3. Izinyathelo Zemvelo Nokuphepha
Uhlelo lokomisa kufanele lufakwe amadivayisi okususa uthuli (njengabaqoqi bothuli besiphepho + abaqoqi bothuli olumanzi) ukuze kuncishiswe uthuli oluphumayo, olusebenza kahle ekususeni uthuli olufika ku-99% noma ngaphezulu. Okwamanje, uhlelo lokusha lusebenzisa isishisi esisebenza ngegesi, okulula ukusisebenzisa futhi esithembekile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-13-2026