Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe: Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba ka-2022, ukusebenza sekukonke kwemakethe ye-petroleum coke yaseChina kuhle, futhi intengo ye-petroleum coke yethula inkambiso “yokwenyuka – ukwehla – ukuzinza”. Isekelwe isidingo esingaphansi komfula, intengo ye-petroleum coke esigabeni sakamuva yehlile, kodwa isephezulu ngokomlando. Ngo-2022, ukuhlinzekwa kwe-petroleum coke kukhuphuke kancane kunekota edlule. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yomthelela weMidlalo Yama-Olympic Yasebusika, ukukhuphuka kwentengo kawoyela ongahluziwe emhlabeni wonke, nokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane, izindawo zokuhluza zinciphisa ukukhiqizwa ngekota yokuqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi esimisiwe. Ukukhiqizwa kwenyuka kancane kancane kwikota yesibili, kuyilapho inani elikhulu le-petroleum coke ethengwayo, ukunikezwa kwesibabule esimaphakathi nesiphezulu kwanda, ukutholakala kwe-sulphur coke ephansi kusaqinile. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium electrolytic ezindaweni eziphansi zomfula ngokuvamile kugcina ukukhula, futhi ukunqanyulwa kwamandla eSichuan, Yunnan nakwezinye izindawo zendawo kubangele ukukhiqizwa okuncishisiwe, futhi intengo ye-aluminium ngokuvamile yayizinzile. Isidingo esibuthakathaka se-carburizer, i-graphite electrode, kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sezinto ze-anode kuholele ekwehlukaniseni amanani e-coke ye-sulphur petroleum ephakathi nendawo nephansi ezindaweni zasendaweni. I-fuel petroleum coke ithinteke kakhulu emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. I-coke ene-sulphur ephezulu esetshenziswa kusimende nakwezinye izimboni isilenga ibheke phansi isikhathi eside. Ukungeniswa kwe-coke ye-high-sulfur fuel coke evela e-Saudi Arabia yendabuko nase-United States kwehlile, kodwa ukungeniswa kwe-coke ye-petroleum yaseVenezuela kuye kwanezelwa yinani elikhulu lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe.
Isenzo senani
I. I-coke ye-sulphur petroleum emaphakathi nephezulu: Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2022, intengo yemakethe ye-petroleum coke e-China ibonise inkambiso iyonke "yokukhuphuka - ukwehla - ukuzinza". Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 19, intengo yesithenjwa ye-petroleum coke yayingu-4581 yuan/ton, ikhuphuke ngo-63.08% uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqala konyaka. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-April, ngenxa yezinto eziningi, njengemikhawulo yokukhiqiza ngesikhathi sama-Olimpiki Wasebusika, imingcele yezokuthutha ngenxa yokulawula ubhubhane, kanye nokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yamandla omhlaba athintwe yinkinga yaseRussia-Ukraine, izindleko zokucwenga izindawo zokuhlanza zenyuka zizonke. . Ngenxa yalokho, amayunithi okuphekela ezindawo eziningi zokuhluza anciphisa ukukhiqizwa, futhi amanye amayunithi okuhluza ayeka ukulungisa kusenesikhathi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuthengwa kwemakethe kwehle kakhulu futhi amanani e-coke akhuphuka kakhulu. Ukwengeza, ezinye izindawo zokuhluza eduze komfula zihlinzeka ngokukhiqizwa okungekuhle kwe-sulphur petroleum coke, intengo ye-petroleum coke kancane kancane yanda ngaphansi kwenkomba efanayo; Kusukela ngoMeyi, amayunithi okuphekela abevaliwe futhi ancishisiwe ukukhiqiza aqale kabusha ukukhiqiza ngokulandelana. Nokho, ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, ezinye izikhungo zokuhluza ziye zathenga uwoyela ongahluziwe wenani eliphansi ukuze ukhiqize. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani eliphelele le-petroleum coke emakethe liye lawohloka, futhi inani elikhulu le-petroleum coke elivela kwamanye amazwe selifikile echwebeni, ikakhulukazi lingenisa i-medium-high sulfur petroleum coke evela eVenezuela, e-United States, eRussia, eCanada nakwamanye amazwe. . Kodwa ikakhulukazi ku-vanadium. I-500PPM ye-coke ye-petroleum sulfur ephakathi nendawo nephezulu, kanye nemboni yasekhaya ye-aluminium ezansi nomfula isilawule ngokulandelana izakhi, i-vanadium ephezulu (vanadium> 500PPM) intengo ye-petroleum coke yehla kakhulu, futhi umehluko wentengo phakathi kwe-vanadium ephansi ne-high vanadium petroleum coke yanda kancane kancane. . Kusukela ngoJuni, njengoba intengo ye-petroleum coke iqhubeka nokwehla, amabhizinisi e-carbon angena emakethe ukuze athenge. Kodwa-ke, njengoba intengo ye-petroleum coke eluhlaza ihlala iphezulu isikhathi eside kulo nyaka, ukucindezela kwezindleko ezingezansi komfula kukhulu, futhi iningi labo lithenga ngokufunwa, futhi intengo ye-coke ye-sulphur petroleum ephakathi nendawo nephezulu igcina ukusebenza kokushaqeka.
Ii. I-Low-sulfur petroleum Coke: Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni, umthamo wezinto ze-anode wanda, isidingo semakethe sakhula kakhulu, futhi isidingo se-low-sulfur petroleum coke sikhuphuke kakhulu. Ngo-Ephreli, ethintekile ukuvalwa okulindelekile kwe-CNOOC yokuhluza ukuze kulungiswe, intengo ye-low-sulfur petroleum coke yaqhubeka ihlala phezulu; Kusukela ngoJulayi, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukulinganisa kwamandla, ukusebenza kwemakethe yensimbi ephansi komfula kubi, ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa, ukumiswa kokukhiqiza, ugesi we-graphite ophansi kufanele kube lesi simo, ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe, ingxenye yokuvalwa, imakethe yezinto ezingezinhle eziphansi ze-sulphur petroleum coke price support is. intengo ye-coke enomkhawulo, ephansi yesibabule yehle kakhulu; Kusukela ngoSepthemba, Usuku Lukazwelonke kanye noMkhosi Wamaphakathi Nekwindla selufikile ngokulandelana. Isitokwe esisezansi nomfula sisekele inani eliphansi le-sulfur coke ukuthi likhuphuke kancane, kodwa ngokufika kwe-big 20, abaphansi komfula bathola izimpahla ngokucophelela, futhi intengo ephansi ye-sulphur petroleum coke iye yahlala iqinile, futhi ezinye izinguquko zenziwe.
Ngokuya nge-coke kaphethiloli, ngo-2022, amanani entengo yamandla omhlaba wonke azokhuphuka, amanani angaphandle azohlala ephakeme futhi eguquguquka isikhathi eside, izindleko zesikhathi eside ze-high-sulfur pellet coke zizoguqulwa, ukungeniswa kwe-coke ephezulu yesibabule. evela e-Saudi Arabia nase-United States izokwehla, futhi intengo ye-coke ye-petroleum yaseVenezuela izoba phansi, ngakho ukungenisa kuzogcwalisa imakethe. Intengo ye-coke ephansi ye-sulphur projectile iphezulu, futhi inkomba yesidingo se-petroleum coke emakethe kaphethiloli engilazi isilungisiwe.
Uhlangothi lokunikezela
1. Umthamo wamayunithi okupheka abambezeleke ukhuphuke kancane kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba ngo-2022. Ukushintsha umthamo kwagxila kakhulu ngoSepthemba, lapho isethi yamathani angu-500,000/ngonyaka e-Shandong imisiwe kanye nesethi yamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.2/ngonyaka. eNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeChina yafakwa ekukhiqizeni.
Ii. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-petroleum coke yaseChina ngoJanuwari-Septhemba 2022 kukhuphuke ngo-2.13% uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho ngoJanuwari-Septhemba 2021, lapho ukuzisebenzisela khona kwafinyelela amathani ayi-2,773,600, okuwukunyuka ngo-14.88% uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho ngesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2021, ikakhulukazi ngoba umthamo wokukhiqiza wamayunithi amabili wokupheka amasha eShandong aqaliswa ukusebenza futhi aqalwa kabusha ngoJuni 2021 noNovemba 2021, ngokulandelana. Ukunikezwa kwe-petroleum coke emakethe kwanda kakhulu; Kodwa-ke, unyaka wonke, ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-petroleum coke ikakhulukazi ku-coke ye-sulphur petroleum ephakathi nendawo nephezulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwentengo kawoyela ongahluziwe kanye nokwenyuka kwezindleko zokucwenga izindawo zokuhluzwa. Ezinye izindawo zokuhluza zisebenzisa uwoyela ongahluziwe onenani eliphansi ukuze kwehliswe izindleko, kanti i-petroleum coke isetshenziswa njengomkhiqizo weyunithi yokupheka, okuholela ngokungaqondile ekuwohlokeni kwenkomba iyonke yemakethe ye-petroleum coke. Ngokwezibalo ze-Yinfu, ukukhiqizwa kwe-coke ye-sulphur petroleum ephakathi nendawo nephezulu ngoJanuwari-Septhemba 2022 kukhuphuke ngo-2.38% uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho ngoJanuwari-Septhemba 2021.
Iii. Isamba se-petroleum coke engenisiwe kusuka kuMasingana kuya ku-Agasti 2022 singamathani ayizigidi eziyi-9.1273, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-5.16%. Ngokusho kuka-Bacuan Yinfu, kulindeleke ukuthi isibalo se-petroleum coke ethengwa kwamanye amazwe siqhubeke nokunyuka kusukela ngoSepthemba kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka, kanti nokuhlinzekwa kwe-petroleum coke ethengwa kwamanye amazwe kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke ukwanda.
Uhlangothi lwesidingo
I. Mayelana nemakethe ye-aluminium carbon, intengo ye-electrolytic aluminium ekugcineni komugqa ishintshile yaba phakathi kuka-18,000-19000 yuan/ton, futhi isikhala senzuzo iyonke yomkhakha we-electrolytic aluminium sisekhona. Imakethe yekhabhoni ye-aluminium esezansi nomfula iqala ukusebenza ngezinga eliphezulu lesikhathi eside, futhi imakethe iyonke inesidingo esihle se-petroleum coke. Kodwa-ke, ingaphansi kwemodi yokuthengisa "yokulungiswa kwentengo eyodwa ngenyanga", okuhambisana nentengo ephezulu yesikhathi eside ye-petroleum coke eluhlaza, okuholela ekucindezelweni okukhulu kwezindleko futhi ikakhulukazi ekuthengeni okufunekayo.
Imakethe ye-electrode ye-graphite engezansi ithengwa kakhulu ngokufunwa. Kusukela ngoJulayi kuya ku-Agasti, ngenxa yomthelela wokushisa okuphezulu, ezinye izimakethe zensimbi zinciphisa ukukhiqizwa noma zamisa ukukhiqiza. Uhlangothi lokuhlinzekwa kwamabhizinisi e-graphite electrode lunciphise ukukhiqizwa, okuholele ekwehleni okukhulu kwesidingo semakethe yama-graphite electrode. Isidingo semakethe yeCarburizer sizinzile; Umbuso weseka kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezamandla entsha. Amandla okukhiqiza emakethe yezinto ze-anode akhule ngokushesha, futhi isidingo se-petroleum coke sikhule kakhulu. Ukuze kongiwe izindleko, amabhizinisi athile asungule izinqubo ezintsha zokushintsha i-coke ye-petroleum coke enesulfure ephansi nge-medium-high sulfur petroleum coke, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe izindleko.
Iii. Ngokuya nge-coke kaphethiloli, intengo yamandla omhlaba wonke ngo-2022 inyukile, intengo yangaphandle ibiphezulu futhi iguquguquka isikhathi eside, izindleko zesikhathi eside ze-high-sulfur pellet coke ziyaguqulwa, nokusebenza kwemakethe kumaphakathi, kuyilapho imakethe ye-medium-low sulfur pellet coke izinzile
Isibikezelo semakethe esizayo
1. Ngokombono wokunikezwa kwe-petroleum coke, ukunikezwa kwemakethe ye-petroleum coke kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke ukwanda, futhi amandla amayunithi amakhokhi asanda kwakhiwa esigabeni sakamuva afakwa ekukhiqizeni ngokulandelana. Kulindeleke ukuthi i-coke ye-sulphur petroleum ephakathi nendawo nephezulu ibe namandla, kodwa iningi lazo kulindeleke ukuthi zisetshenziselwe ukuzisebenzisela wena, okuzohlinzeka ngezithasiselo ezilinganiselwe emakethe. Isidingo samabhizinisi asekhaya se-petroleum coke sizoqhubeka sikhula, kanti nenani le-petroleum coke ethengwa kwamanye amazwe kulindeleke ukuthi liqhubeke nokukhula.
2. Ngokombono wesidingo esingaphansi komfula, u-Bachuan Yinfu ubikezela ukuthi isidingo se-petroleum coke embonini esezansi nomfula sizoqhubeka sikhula ekupheleni kuka-2022 no-2023. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokungezwani kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokwehla okulandelayo kokukhiqizwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe yiSaudi. I-Arabia ne-Opec, intengo kawoyela ongahluziwe kulindeleke ukuthi ihlale iphezulu, ingxenye yezindleko isekelwa kahle, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium e-electrolytic kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke ukwanda, futhi isidingo sisonke se-petroleum coke embonini siyaqhubeka nokubonisa umkhuba okhulayo. . Imakethe yempahla ye-Anode ukutshalwa kwezimali okusha kuyashesha, isidingo se-petroleum coke kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke nokukhula; Intengo yamalahle kulindeleke ukuthi iguquguquke phakathi kwebanga elilawulekayo ngaphansi kwethonya lezinqubomgomo kazwelonke zomnotho omkhulu. Isidingo semakethe sengilazi, usimende, izitshalo zikagesi, ama-electrode kanye nama-carburizing agents kulindeleke ukuthi ahlale emaphakathi.
3. Izinqubomgomo zokuvikela nokulawula ubhubhane kulindeleke ukuthi zibe nomthelela omkhulu kwezinye izindawo, ikakhulukazi ezibeka imingcele kwezokuthutha ngezimoto. Izinqubomgomo ezihlanganisiwe zokulinganisa amandla kanye nokulawulwa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kulindeleke ukuthi zibe nomthelela kwezinye izindawo, futhi umthelela wonke emakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ube nomkhawulo.
Sekukonke, kulindeleke ukuthi ukuphela kuka-2022 no-2023 amanani e-petroleum coke azohlala ephezulu futhi eguquguqukayo. Kulindeleke ukuthi intengo eyinhloko ye-petroleum coke ibe ngu-6000-8000 yuan/ton nge-coke yesulphur ephansi (cishe u-0.5% sulphur), 3400-5500 yuan/ton ye-coke yesulphur ephakathi (cishe u-3.0% isulfure, phakathi kwama-vanadium angu-500), kanye ne-sulphur coke emaphakathi (cishe u-3.0% sulphur, vanadium > 500) intengo 2500-4000 yuan/ton, high sulfur coke (cishe 4.5% wezimpahla jikelele) intengo 2000-3200 yuan/ton.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-14-2022