Ngokubuyela emuva komnotho womhlaba kanye nokululama kwesidingo sempahla enkulu, amazinga okuthumela aqhubekile nokukhuphuka kulo nyaka. Ngokufika kwesizini yokuthenga e-US, ama-oda akhulayo abathengisi aphinde kabili ingcindezi ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka ngomkhiqizo womhlaba wonke. Njengamanje, izinga lokuthutha lama-container lisuka eShayina liya e-US lidlule ama-US$20,000 ngesitsha esingamamitha angu-40, okubeka irekhodi eliphezulu.
Ukusabalala okusheshayo kwegciwane le-Delta mutant kuholele ekunciphiseni izinga lokuphuma kwezitsha emhlabeni wonke; uhlobo lwegciwane lunomthelela omkhulu kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia nasezifundeni, futhi luye lwashukumisela amazwe amaningi ukuba anqamule ukuhamba kwamatilosi emhlabeni. Lokhu kwenze kwaba nzima ngokaputeni ukushintshanisa abasebenzi abakhathele. Cishe amatilosi ayi-100,000 abhajwe olwandle ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sabo sokusebenza. Amahora okusebenza abasebenzi adlule inani eliphakeme lokuvinjelwa kuka-2020. UGuy Platten, uNobhala Jikelele we-International Chamber of Shipping, uthe: “Asisekho esicongweni senkinga yesibili yokufakwa esikhundleni kwamatilosi. Sisenkingeni.”
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhukhula eYurophu (eJalimane) phakathi noJulayi kuya ekupheleni kwawo, kanye nezivunguvungu ezenzeke ezindaweni ezisogwini oluseningizimu yeShayina ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi futhi muva nje ziye zaphazamisa kakhulu uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa komhlaba wonke olungakalulami egagasini lokuqala lobhubhane.
Lezi yizici eziningana ezibalulekile eziholele ekukhuphukeni okusha kwamanani okuthutha amakhonteyina.
UPhilip Damas, umphathi jikelele we-Drewry, i-ejensi yokubonisana ngezolwandle, ukhombe ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwamakhonteyina emhlabeni jikelele kwamanje sekuphenduke imakethe yabathengisi abaphithizelayo kakhulu futhi abangatholi kahle; kule makethe, izinkampani eziningi zokuthumela zingakhokhisa intengo evamile yempahla ngokuphindwe kane kuya kweyishumi. UPhilip Damas uthe: “Asikaze sikubone lokhu embonini yokuthumela impahla iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30.” Wanezela ngokuthi ulindele ukuthi leli “zinga lokuthutha impahla elibi kakhulu” liqhubeke kuze kube uNyaka Omusha WaseShayina ngo-2022.
Ngomhlaka-28 kuJulayi, i-Freightos Baltic Daily Index yalungisa indlela yayo yokulandelela amazinga okuthutha olwandle. Okokuqala ngqa, yafaka phakathi izimali ezengeziwe zeprimiyamu ezidingekayo ukuze kubhukwe, okwathuthukisa kakhulu ukucaca kwezindleko zangempela ezikhokhwa ngabathumeli. Inkomba yakamuva okwamanje ikhombisa:
Izinga lokuthwala impahla ngesitsha ngasinye emzileni ophakathi kwe-China ne-US East lifinyelele ku-US$20,804, okungaphezu kuka-500% ngaphezulu konyaka odlule.
Imali ekhokhwa yiShayina-US West ingaphansi kancane kwe-US$20,000,
Isilinganiso sakamuva seShayina neYurophu siseduze no-$14,000.
Ngemva kokuba ubhubhane luphinde lwanda kwamanye amazwe, isikhathi sokushintsha kwamachweba amakhulu angaphandle sehle saya cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-7-8.
Ukwanda kwamanani empahla kubangele ukuthi ukuqashwa kwemikhumbi yezitsha kukhuphuke, okuphoqe izinkampani zokuthumela izimpahla ukuthi zinikeze kuqala ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo emizileni enenzuzo kakhulu. UTan Hua Joo, umeluleki omkhulu we-Alphaliner, inkampani yocwaningo nokubonisana, uthe: “Imikhumbi ingenza inzuzo kuphela ezimbonini ezinezinga eliphezulu lempahla. Yingakho umthamo wokuthutha udluliselwa e-United States. Beka emizileni ye-trans-Pacific! Khuthaza amanani empahla ayaqhubeka nokwenyuka)” Umphathi jikelele we-Drewry uPhilip Damas uthe ezinye izinkampani zokuthutha zinciphise inani lemizila engenzi nzuzo kangako, njengemizila ye-trans-Atlantic kanye ne-intra-Asia. “Lokhu kusho ukuthi amanani empahla yokugcina manje akhuphuka ngokushesha.”
Ochwepheshe bezimboni bahlaziye ukuthi ubhubhane olusha lwe-crown pneumonia ekuqaleni konyaka odlule luphazamise umnotho womhlaba futhi lwabangela ukuphazamiseka kochungechunge lokuphakelwa komhlaba wonke, okwaholela ekukhuphukeni okukhulu kwempahla yolwandle. UJason Chiang, umqondisi we-Ocean Shipping Consultants, uthe: “Noma nini lapho imakethe ifinyelela kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-equilibrium, kuzoba nezimo eziphuthumayo ezivumela izinkampani zokuthumela izimpahla ukuthi zandise amazinga okuthutha izimpahla.” Uveze ukuthi ukuminyana kweSuez Canal ngoMashi nakho kwakuwukwenyuka kwamanani okuthutha yizinkampani zokuthumela izimpahla. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko. “Ama-oda okwakha amasha acishe alingane no-20% wamandla akhona, kodwa kuzodingeka aqaliswe ukusebenza ngo-2023, ngakho ngeke sibone ukwanda okukhulu kwamandla kungakapheli iminyaka emibili.”
Ukwenyuka kwanyanga zonke kwamanani okuthutha impahla ngezinkontileka kukhuphuke ngo-28.1%
Ngokusho kwedatha ye-Xeneta, amazinga okuthutha amakhonteyina enkontileka yesikhathi eside akhuphuke ngo-28.1% ngenyanga edlule, okuwukwenyuka okukhulu kwanyanga zonke emlandweni. Ukwenyuka okuphezulu kwanyanga zonke kwangaphambilini bekuyi-11.3% ngoMeyi kulo nyaka. Inkomba ikhuphuke ngo-76.4% kulo nyaka, kanti idatha ngoJulayi ikhuphuke ngo-78.2% esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.
“Lokhu kuyintuthuko emangalisayo ngempela,” kusho i-CEO ye-Xeneta uPatrik Berglund. “Sibone isidingo esikhulu, ukunganeli kwamandla kanye nokuphazamiseka kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka (ngokwengxenye ngenxa ye-COVID-19 kanye nokuminyana kwamachweba) okuholele emazingeni aphezulu kakhulu okuthutha impahla kulo nyaka, kodwa akekho owayengalindela ukwanda okunjalo. Imboni isebenza ngesivinini esikhulu.”
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-10-2021