Kuyini i-graphitization?
I-Graphitization inqubo yezimboni lapho ikhabhoni iguqulwa khona ibe yi-graphite. Lolu ushintsho lwesakhiwo esincane olwenzeka ezinsimbini zekhabhoni noma ezi-alloy eziphansi ezivezwe emazingeni okushisa angama-degree Celsius angu-425 kuya kwangu-550 isikhathi eside, ake sithi amahora ayi-1,000. Lolu uhlobo lokuqhekeka. Isibonelo, isakhiwo esincane sezinsimbi zekhabhoni-molybdenum sivame ukuqukatha i-pearlite (ingxube ye-ferrite ne-cementite). Lapho izinto ziguqulwa zibe yi-graphit, kubangela ukuthi i-pearlite ibole ibe yi-ferrite futhi ihlakazeke ngokungahleliwe. Lokhu kuphumela ekuqhekekeni kwensimbi kanye nokwehla okuncane kwamandla lapho lezi zinhlayiya ze-graphite zisatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe kuyo yonke i-matrix. Kodwa-ke, singavimbela i-graphitization ngokusebenzisa izinto ezinokumelana okuphezulu ezingazweli kakhulu kwi-graphitization. Ngaphezu kwalokho, singashintsha indawo ngokwandisa i-pH noma ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-chloride. Enye indlela yokuvimbela i-graphitization ihilela ukusebenzisa i-coating. Ukuvikelwa kwe-cathodic kwensimbi ephonswe.
Kuyini ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization?
I-Carbonization inqubo yezimboni lapho izinto eziphilayo ziguqulwa zibe yi-carbon. Izinto eziphilayo esizicabangela lapha zifaka phakathi izidumbu zezitshalo nezilwane. Le nqubo yenzeka ngokucwiliswa okubhubhisayo. Lokhu kuyindlela yokusabela kwe-pyrolytic futhi kubhekwa njengenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi lapho kungabonakala khona ukusabela okuningi kwamakhemikhali ngasikhathi sinye. Isibonelo, ukususwa kwe-hydrogen, ukujiya, ukudluliselwa kwe-hydrogen kanye ne-isomerization. Inqubo ye-carbonization ihlukile enkambisweni ye-carbonization ngoba i-carbonization inqubo esheshayo ngoba isabela ngokushesha kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, inani lokushisa elisetshenziswayo lingalawula izinga le-carbonization kanye nenani lezinto zangaphandle ezisele. Isibonelo, okuqukethwe kwe-carbon kwensalela cishe kungama-90% ngesisindo ku-1200K kanye cishe kungama-99% ngesisindo cishe ku-1600K. Ngokuvamile, i-carbonization yindlela yokusabela exothermic, engashiywa yodwa noma isetshenziswe njengomthombo wamandla ngaphandle kokwenza noma yimuphi umkhondo wegesi ye-carbon dioxide. Kodwa-ke, uma izinto eziphilayo zivezwa ezinguqukweni ezisheshayo ekushiseni (njengokuqhuma kwenuzi), izinto eziphilayo zizokhiqizwa i-carbonization ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zibe yi-carbon eqinile.
I-Graphitization ifana ne-carbonization
Zombili ziyizinqubo ezibalulekile zezimboni ezihilela ikhabhoni njenge-reactant noma umkhiqizo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-graphitization kanye ne-carbonization?
Ukwenziwa kwe-graphitization kanye ne-carbonization kuyizinqubo ezimbili zezimboni. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokwenziwa kwe-carbonization kanye ne-graphitization ukuthi ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization kuhilela ukuguqula izinto eziphilayo zibe yi-carbon, kuyilapho ukwenziwa kwe-graphitization kuhilela ukuguqula i-carbon ibe yi-graphite. Ngakho-ke, ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization kuwushintsho lwamakhemikhali, kuyilapho ukwenziwa kwe-graphitization kuwushintsho lwesakhiwo esincane.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-29-2021