I-graphite electrode ibhekisela ku-petroleum coke, i-needle coke njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, i-coal tar yezinamathiseli, ngemva kokugaywa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenzisiwe, ukugaya okuphukile, ukuxuba, ukuxova, ukubumba, i-calcination, i-impregnation, i-graphite kanye nokucutshungulwa kwemishini futhi yenziwe ngohlobo lokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwezinto zokuqhuba i-graphite, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-graphite electrode yokwenziwa (ezobizwa ngokuthi i-graphite electrode), ukuze ihlukaniswe ne-graphite yemvelo njengokulungiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-graphite electrode yemvelo. Ngokusho kwekhwalithi yayo, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-electrode yamandla ajwayelekile e-graphite, i-electrode yamandla aphezulu e-graphite kanye ne-electrode yamandla aphezulu e-graphite.
I-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu yenziwe nge-petroleum coke (noma i-needle coke yezinga eliphansi), ngezinye izikhathi umzimba we-electrode udinga ukumiliswa, izakhiwo zawo zomzimba nezemishini ziphakeme kune-electrode ye-graphite yamandla evamile, njengokumelana okuphansi, okuvumela ukuminyana kwamanje okukhulu.
I-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu ivumela ukusetshenziswa kobuningi bamanje be-electrode ye-graphite engu-18 ~ 25A/cm2, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni insimbi yesithando se-arc esinamandla amakhulu.
Ukwenza insimbi yesithando sikagesi kungumsebenzisi omkhulu wama-electrode e-graphite. Ukukhishwa kwensimbi ye-eAF eShayina kubala cishe u-18% wokukhishwa kwensimbi eluhlaza, kanti i-electrode ye-graphite esetshenziswa ekwenzeni insimbi ibalela u-70% ~ 80% wenani eliphelele le-electrode ye-graphite. Ukwenza insimbi yesithando sikagesi ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrode ye-graphite ku-current yesithando sikagesi, ukusetshenziswa kwama-extreme kagesi kanye nokushaja phakathi kwe-arc ekhiqizwa umthombo wokushisa okushisa okuphezulu kuya ekuncibilikiseni.
Isithando somlilo se-arc sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-phosphorus ephuzi yezimboni kanye ne-silicon, njll., isici saso ingxenye engezansi ye-electrode eqhubayo egqitshwe esithandweni somlilo, i-arc yakhiwe ngaphakathi kwengqimba yezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi isebenzisa ishaja yesithando ngokwayo kusukela ekumelaneni kwamandla okushisa kuya ekushiseni kwesithando somlilo, enye yezidingo zamanje eziphezulu zamanje - isithando somlilo se-arc sidinga i-graphite electrode, njenge-silicon 1 t ngokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa kwe-graphite electrode cishe ingama-100 kg, Cishe ama-40kg e-graphite electrode ayadingeka ukukhiqiza i-phosphorus ephuzi engu-1t.
Isithando sokushisa se-graphitization sokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-graphite, isithando sokushisa sengilazi encibilikayo kanye nesithando sikagesi sokukhiqiza i-silicon carbide kungokwalesi sithando sokushisa. Izinto ezikulesi sithando ziwukumelana nokushisa kanye nento yokushisa. Ngokuvamile, i-electrode ye-graphite eqhubayo ifakwa odongeni lwesithando ekugcineni kwesithando sokushisa, kanti i-electrode ye-graphite isetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okungaguquki lapha.
I-electrode ye-graphite engenalutho isetshenziselwa futhi ukucubungula imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-crucible, isikhunta, isikebhe kanye nomzimba wokushisa kanye neminye imikhiqizo ye-graphite enesimo esikhethekile. Isibonelo, embonini yengilazi ye-quartz, i-10T ye-graphite electrode billet iyadingeka kuyo yonke i-1T yokukhiqizwa kweshubhu ye-fuse kagesi; i-100kg ye-graphite electrode billet iyadingeka ukukhiqiza isitini se-quartz esingu-1t.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekota yesine ka-2016, ngokukhuthazwa kwezinqubomgomo zokuguqulwa kwempahla embonini yensimbi nensimbi, ukuqeda insimbi ephansi ngokuzumayo kube yinto eza kuqala ekuqedeni amandla okukhiqiza angemuva. Ngomhlaka-10 Januwari 2017, iphini likaMqondisi weKhomishini Yentuthuko Nezinguquko Kazwelonke lathi emhlanganweni woMkhandlu we-CISA ka-2017 ukuthi yonke imigoqo yephansi kufanele isuswe ngaphambi kukaJuni 30, 2017. Ngo-2017, amandla ensimbi ye-eAF yaseShayina ayengaba ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-120, okwathi amathani ayizigidi ezingu-86.6 ayesekhiqizwa kanti amathani ayizigidi ezingu-15.6 ayengasakhiqizwa. Ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba 2017, amandla okukhiqiza e-eAF ayengaba ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-26.5, okwathi cishe u-30% wawo waqala kabusha. Ithintwe ukunciphisa amandla esithando semvamisa ephakathi, insimbi yesithando sikagesi iyaqalwa ngenkuthalo, futhi inzuzo yezomnotho yensimbi yesithando sikagesi iyabonakala. Insimbi yesithando sikagesi inesidingo esihle samandla aphezulu kanye ne-electrode ye-graphite yamandla aphezulu kakhulu, kanye nomdlandla wokuthenga ophezulu.
Ngo-2017, intengo yasekhaya ye-graphite electrode yakhuphuka, futhi isidingo saphesheya kwezilwandle sakhuphuka. Izimakethe zasekhaya nezaphesheya kwezilwandle zabuyela ekuchumeni. E-China, ngenxa yokususwa “kwensimbi ephansi”, ukwanda kwamandla esithando sikagesi se-arc, umkhawulo wokukhiqizwa kwe-carbon evikelwe kwemvelo nezinye izici, intengo ye-graphite electrode yasekhaya yakhuphuka ngo-2017, okubonisa ukuthi imakethe ye-graphite electrode yasekhaya ayitholakali kalula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhula kwe-graphite electrode yase-China kukhombisa ukuthi isidingo se-graphite electrode yaphesheya kwezilwandle sinamandla. Imakethe yasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ibonise isidingo esikhulu sama-graphite electrode, imboni isatholakala kalula.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhanga kokutshalwa kwezimali kwemboni ye-graphite electrode enamandla aphezulu kusenamandla.
Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni yensimbi nensimbi yomhlaba wonke, isithando sikagesi se-arc kagesi siya ngokuya sikhula kancane kancane siye ekulawuleni okuzenzakalelayo okukhulu, okunamandla aphezulu kakhulu kanye nekhompyutha kanye nezinye izici zentuthuko, ukusetshenziswa kwesithando sikagesi se-arc kagesi esinamandla amakhulu kuyanda, okukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-United States, iYurophu, iJapan kanye namanye amazwe athuthukile kanye nezifunda, imboni ye-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu yaseShayina yaqala sekwephuzile, ikakhulukazi ithembele ekungenisweni kwempahla ngokushesha, ukukhiqizwa kwe-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu akudingi sidingo. Iqhutshwa ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yensimbi nensimbi kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, iShayina iye yaphula kancane kancane ukubusa kwezobuchwepheshe kwamanye amazwe, futhi amandla okukhiqiza e-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu abelokhu ekhuphuka, futhi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nayo ithuthukiswe ngokushesha. Njengamanje, i-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu ekhiqizwa eShayina ithole imiphumela emihle esithandweni esikhulu se-arc kagesi, futhi zonke izinkomba zokusebenza zomkhiqizo zingafinyelela ezingeni eliholayo emhlabeni jikelele. Imikhiqizo ye-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu yaseShayina ayigcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngemakethe yasekhaya, kodwa futhi nenani elikhulu lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, isidingo semikhiqizo engenisiwe sincane.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokwenziwa kwensimbi yesithando kuya emandleni aphezulu kuyinkambiso ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wokwenza insimbi yesithando sikagesi. Esikhathini esizayo, umkhiqizo wokwenziwa kwensimbi yesithando sikagesi esinamandla aphezulu uzokwanda, futhi isidingo saso se-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu sizokhula, okuzokhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu eShayina. Amabhizinisi asekhaya e-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu angandisa uchungechunge lwezimboni, enze ucwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, futhi akhe imishini yokukhiqiza, enganciphisa ngempumelelo izindleko zebhizinisi futhi ithuthukise inzuzo yokusebenza kwebhizinisi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-31-2022