Iphimbo lamalahle, lifushane elithi iphimbo letiyela lamalahle, ukucutshungulwa kwethiyela lamalahle ngemva kokususwa kwezinsalela ze-distillate eziwuketshezi, lingelohlobo lwe-asphalt yokwenziwa, ngokuvamile liwuketshezi oluqinile, oluqinile noma oluqinile, olumnyama nolucwebezelayo, ngokuvamile luqukethe i-carbon 92 ~ 94%, i-hydrogen cishe 4 ~ 5%. Iphimbo letiyela lamalahle liwumkhiqizo oyinhloko enqubweni yokucutshungulwa kwethiyela lamalahle futhi liyinto eluhlaza engenakuphikwa yokukhiqizwa kwekhabhoni.
Inhloso yokuhluzwa kwe-tar ukugxilisa ama-compounds anamaphuzu afanayo okubila ku-tar abe yizingxenyana ezifanele ukuze kuqhutshekwe kucutshungulwe futhi kuhlukaniswe imikhiqizo ye-monomer. Insalela yokukhishwa kwe-distillate yi-coal tar pitch, ebalelwa ku-50% ~ 60% we-coal tar.
Ngokusho kwamaphuzu ahlukene okuthambisa, i-asphalt yamalahle ihlukaniswe nge-asphalt yokushisa okuphansi (i-asphalt ethambile), i-asphalt yokushisa okuphakathi (i-asphalt evamile), i-asphalt yokushisa okuphezulu (i-asphalt eqinile) izigaba ezintathu, isigaba ngasinye sineNombolo 1 kanye neNombolo 2 amamaki amabili.
I-bitumen yamalahle isetshenziswa kakhulu kulezi zinsimu ezilandelayo:
* Uphethiloli: Izingxenye eziqinile zingaxutshwa namafutha aqinile noma zenziwe i-slurry esetshenziswayo, zingadlala indima yokufaka esikhundleni samafutha aqinile.
Upende: Upende ofaka i-rosin noma i-turpentine kanye nama-filler lapho upheka uwoyela wezakhiwo noma amapayipi angangeni manzi. Ufanele isakhiwo sensimbi sangaphandle, ukhonkolo kanye nongqimba olungangeni manzi kanye nongqimba oluvikelayo, futhi ungapendwa futhi upendwe ekushiseni kwegumbi.
* Ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo, izinto zokwakha: ngokuvamile kuxutshwe ne-asphalt kaphethiloli, i-asphalt yamalahle kanye ne-asphalt kaphethiloli uma kuqhathaniswa, kukhona igebe elisobala lekhwalithi kanye negebe lokuqina. I-asphalt yamalahle ayiqinile kahle, ayizinzile kahle ekushiseni, iyaphuka ebusika, iyathamba ehlobo, futhi iguga ngokushesha.
* I-Binder: Yenza i-electrode, i-anode paste kanye neminye imikhiqizo ye-carbon binder, ngokuvamile i-asphalt eguquliwe. Ngokuvamile, i-asphalt eguquliwe ilungiswa nge-asphalt yokushisa okuphakathi. E-China, inqubo yokushisa i-kettle ivame ukwamukelwa, futhi igesi isetshenziswa njengophethiloli ukushisa i-asphalt ku-reactor. Ekugcineni, i-asphalt eguquliwe eqinile itholakala ngokuhlukaniswa kanye ne-granulation.
* I-asphalt coke: insalela eqinile ye-asphalt yamalahle ngemva kokujikijela okushisa okuphezulu noma ukubilisa okulibazisekile. I-asphalt coke ivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zezinto ezikhethekile zekhabhoni, okuyinto ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni imishini yokukhiqiza amaphaneli e-semiconductor kanye ne-solar. Isetshenziswa kabanzi njengezinto ze-electrode zokucwengisisa i-aluminium, izinto ezenziwe nge-carbon zokwenziwa kwensimbi yesithando sikagesi kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhethekile zomkhiqizo wekhabhoni ze-semiconductor.
* I-Needle coke: i-asphalt ethambile ecwengisisiwe ngokulungiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ukubilisa okulibazisekile, izinqubo ezintathu zokushisa okuphezulu, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-electrode kanye nemikhiqizo ekhethekile yekhabhoni. Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngezinto zayo zokusetshenziswa ibonakala ngokumelana okuphansi, i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa okuphansi, ukumelana nokushisa okuqinile, amandla aphezulu okusebenza kanye nokumelana okuhle kwe-oxidation.
* I-Carbon fiber: i-fiber ekhethekile enokuqukethwe kwe-carbon okungaphezu kuka-92% okutholakala ku-asphalt ngokucwenga, ukuphotha, uku-pre-oxidation, i-carbonization noma i-graphitization.
* I-oyili ecijile, i-activated carbon, i-carbon black kanye nezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-30-2022