"Ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla" kube yindaba eshisayo eShayina kusukela ngoSepthemba. Isizathu "sokuhlukaniswa kwamandla" ukukhuthazwa komgomo "wokungakhethi hlangothi kwekhabhoni" kanye nokulawulwa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ekuqaleni kwalonyaka, kunezindaba ezahlukahlukene zamanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ezivele ngokulandelana, phakathi kwazo i-graphite electrode, into ebaluleke kakhulu embonini yensimbi, ethole ukunakwa okuncane emakethe kulo nyaka, kanye nemboni yensimbi kanye nokungakhethi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.
Uchungechunge lwezimboni: olusetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni insimbi
I-graphite electrode uhlobo lwezinto eziqhuba i-graphite ezimelana nokushisa okuphezulu, i-graphite electrode ingaqhuba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokwamanje, ukuze incibilikise insimbi engcolile esithandweni somlilo noma ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ukuze kukhiqizwe insimbi neminye imikhiqizo yensimbi, esetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwensimbi. I-graphite electrode uhlobo lwezinto ezinokumelana okuphansi kanye nokumelana nokushisa esithandweni sikagesi se-arc. Izici eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwe-graphite electrode umjikelezo wokukhiqiza omude (ngokuvamile ohlala izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu), ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza eyinkimbinkimbi.
Isimo se-electrode ye-graphite yezimboni:
Uchungechunge lwezimboni ze-graphite electrode luhlanganisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu ikakhulukazi ze-petroleum coke, i-needle coke, ingxenye yezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibangela izindleko zokukhiqiza i-graphite electrode inkulu, ingaphezu kuka-65%, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-needle coke eShayina kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlobene neJapan nakwamanye amazwe kusenesikhala esikhulu, ikhwalithi ye-needle coke yasekhaya kunzima ukuyiqinisekisa, ngakho-ke ukuncika kweShayina ekungeniseni i-needle coke esezingeni eliphezulu kusesephezulu, Ngo-2018, inani eliphelele le-needle coke eShayina lalingamathani angu-418,000, okwangeniswa kuwo amathani angu-218,000, okungaphezu kuka-50%. Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-graphite electrodes kusekukhiqizeni insimbi ye-eAF.
I-graphite electrode isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuncibilikiseni insimbi nensimbi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-graphite electrode eShayina kuhambisana ngokuyisisekelo nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yensimbi nensimbi yaseShayina. I-graphite electrode yaseShayina yaqala ngawo-1950. I-Warburg Securities ihlukanise ukuthuthukiswa kwe-graphite electrode eShayina ngezigaba ezintathu:
1. Kwaqala ukuthuthukiswa ngo-1995 — ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi ngo-2011;
2. Ukwehluka kwebhizinisi kwanda ngo-2013 — umnotho wathuthuka kakhulu ngo-2017;
3. Unyaka ka-2018 usendleleni eyehlayo — izimpi zamanani ziyaqala ngo-2019.
Ukuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo: isidingo sensimbi yesithando sikagesi sibangela iningi
Ngokuphathelene nomkhiqizo kanye nokusetshenziswa, ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kukaFrost Sullivan, ukukhiqizwa kwama-electrode e-graphite eShayina kwehle kusuka kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.53 ngo-2015 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.50 ngo-2016, okubonisa ukwehla. Ngo-2020, ubhubhane lwaba nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwabakhiqizi ngenxa yemikhawulo yokuphatha emahoreni okusebenza, ukuphazamiseka kwabasebenzi kanye nezinguquko ezinqubweni zokusebenza.
Ngenxa yalokho, ukukhiqizwa kwama-electrode e-graphite eShayina kwehle kakhulu. Ilindele ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kufinyelele kumakhilotoni angu-1,142.6 ngo-2025, nge-cagR engaba ngu-9.7% kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2025, njengoba imisebenzi iqala kabusha kanye nokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo yabaphathi yokuthuthukiswa kwensimbi ye-eAF.
Ngakho-ke lokho kuphuma, bese kuba ukusetshenziswa. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphite electrode eShayina kwaqala ukwanda kusukela ngo-2016, kwafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.59 ngo-2020, kanye ne-cagR engu-10.3% kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2020. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphite electrode kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.94 ngo-2025. Ngezansi kunesibikezelo esiningiliziwe se-ejensi sokukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-graphite electrode.
Umkhiqizo we-graphite electrode uhambisana nowensimbi ye-EAF. Ukukhula komkhiqizo wensimbi ye-EAF kuzothuthukisa isidingo se-graphite electrode esikhathini esizayo. IShayina yakhiqiza amathani ayizigidi ezingu-127.4 ensimbi ye-eaf kanye namathani angu-742,100 e-graphite electrodes ngo-2019, ngokusho kwe-World Iron and Steel Association kanye ne-China Carbon Industry Association. Umkhiqizo kanye nezinga lokukhula kwe-graphite electrode eShayina kuhlobene kakhulu nomkhiqizo kanye nezinga lokukhula kwensimbi ye-eAF eShayina.
Ngo-2019 nango-2020, isidingo somhlaba wonke sensimbi ye-eAF kanye nensimbi engeyona eye-EAF singamathani ayi-1.376,800 kanye namathani ayi-1.472,300 ngokulandelana. I-Warburg Securities ibikezela ukuthi isidingo somhlaba wonke sizokhula kakhulu eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo futhi sifinyelele cishe amathani ayi-2.104,400 ngo-2025. Isidingo sensimbi yesithando sikagesi sibangela iningi elikhulu, okulinganiselwa ukuthi sizofinyelela amathani ayi-1,809,500 ngo-2025.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokwenza insimbi yesithando somlilo, ukwenza insimbi yesithando somlilo kagesi kunezinzuzo ezisobala ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokwenza insimbi yensimbi, ukwenza insimbi ngethani eli-1 lensimbi eqoshiwe kunganciphisa amathani ayi-1.6 okukhishwa kwekhabhoni dioksijini kanye namathani ama-3 okukhishwa kwemfucuza eqinile. Ucwaningo lwe-Brokerage luthi insimbi yesithando somlilo kagesi kanye nesithando somlilo esivuthayo ngethani ngalinye lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezingeni lika-0.5:1.9. Abacwaningi be-Brokerage bathi, "ukuthuthukiswa kwensimbi yesithando somlilo kagesi kumele kube yindlela evamile."
NgoMeyi, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi ukhiphe iSaziso mayelana Nezinyathelo Zokuqalisa Zokushintshwa Kwamandla Embonini Yensimbi Nensimbi, esaqaliswa ngokusemthethweni ngoJuni 1. Izinyathelo zokuqalisa zokushintsha amandla zizokwandisa kakhulu isilinganiso sokufakwa kwensimbi futhi zandise izindawo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela nokulawula ukungcola komoya. Izikhungo zikholelwa ukuthi indlela entsha yokushintsha amandla izonciphisa kakhulu umthamo wensimbi, ihlanganise imboni yensimbi ukuze ixazulule umthamo oweqile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yokushintsha ebuyekeziwe kuzosheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-eAF, futhi isilinganiso sensimbi ye-eAF sizokhula kancane kancane.
I-electrode ye-graphite iyinto eyinhloko yesithando sikagesi, ekhuthazwa yisidingo sesithando sikagesi, kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo sayo sikhule kakhulu, i-electrode ye-graphite ithintwa yintengo yayo.
Ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwentengo: izici zokujikeleza
Kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2016, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-graphite electrode yehle ngenxa yesidingo esibuthakathaka esingezansi, futhi amanani e-graphite electrode ahlala ephansi. Ngo-2016 ngabakhiqizi be-graphite electrode behlisa umthamo womugqa ngaphansi kwezindleko zokukhiqiza, isitokwe sezenhlalo saya phansi, inqubomgomo yango-2017 yaqeda ukukhansela isithando semvamisa esiphakathi se-DeTiaoGang, inani elikhulu lensimbi eqoshiwe esithandweni sensimbi, imboni ye-graphite electrode eShayina engxenyeni yesibili ka-2017 iyakhuphuka, ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo se-graphite electrode inaliti coke emananini ezinto zokusetshenziswa akhuphuke kakhulu ngo-2017, Ngo-2019, yasifinyelela ku-$3,769.9 ngethani, ikhuphuke izikhathi ezingu-5.7 kusukela ngo-2016.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-15-2021