IShayina ingumkhiqizi omkhulu we-petroleum coke, kodwa futhi ingumthengi omkhulu we-petroleum coke; Ngaphezu kwe-petroleum coke yasekhaya, sidinga nenani elikhulu lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo zezindawo ezingezansi komfula. Nasi ukuhlaziywa okufushane kokungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-petroleum coke eminyakeni yamuva nje.
Kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2022, umthamo wokungenisa we-petroleum coke eShayina uzokhombisa ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo, okufinyelela irekhodi eliphezulu lamathani ayizigidi ezingu-12.74 ngo-2021. Kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2019, kube nomkhuba wokwehla, okwakubangelwa kakhulu yisidingo esibuthakathaka sasekhaya se-petroleum coke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-United States yabeka intela eyengeziwe yokungenisa engu-25%, futhi ukungeniswa kwe-petroleum coke kwehle. Kusukela ngoMashi 2020, amabhizinisi angenisa angafaka isicelo sokukhululwa entengweni, futhi intengo ye-petroleum coke yakwamanye amazwe iphansi kuneye-petroleum coke yakwamanye amazwe, ngakho-ke umthamo wokungenisa ukhushulwe kakhulu; Nakuba umthamo wokungenisa unciphile engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka ngenxa yomthelela wobhubhane lwakwamanye amazwe, ngokuvamile wawuphakeme kunalowo weminyaka edlule. Ngo-2021, ngaphansi kwethonya lokusetshenziswa kokulawulwa okubili kwezinqubomgomo zokusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nemikhawulo yokukhiqiza eShayina, ukuphakelwa kwasekhaya kuzoba kuncane, futhi ukungeniswa kwe-petroleum coke kuzokhula kakhulu, kufinyelele irekhodi eliphezulu. Ngo-2022, isidingo sasekhaya sizohlala siqinile, futhi inani eliphelele lokungenisa kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-12.5, okuwunyaka omkhulu wokungenisa. Ngokusho kokubikezela kwesidingo sasekhaya esingezansi kanye nomthamo weyunithi yokupheka ephuzile, inani lokungenisa i-petroleum coke lizofinyelela cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-12.5 ngo-2023 nango-2024, kanti isidingo sakwamanye amazwe se-petroleum coke sizokhula kuphela.
Kungabonakala kulesi sibalo esingenhla ukuthi inani lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo ye-petroleum coke lizokwehla kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2022. I-China ingumthengi omkhulu we-petroleum coke, futhi imikhiqizo yayo isetshenziselwa kakhulu izidingo zasekhaya, ngakho-ke inani layo lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe lilinganiselwe. Ngo-2018, inani elikhulu lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe le-petroleum coke lalingamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.02 kuphela. Njengoba ithinteke ubhubhane ngo-2020, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-petroleum coke yasekhaya kwavinjelwa, amathani angu-398000 kuphela, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka okungu-54.4%. Ngo-2021, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakusebenza ze-petroleum coke yasekhaya kuzoba kuncane, ngakho-ke ngenkathi isidingo sizokhula kakhulu, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-petroleum coke kuzoqhubeka nokwehla. Inani eliphelele lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kulindeleke ukuthi libe ngamathani angaba ngu-260000 ngo-2022. Ngokusho kwesidingo sasekhaya kanye nedatha yokukhiqiza efanele ngo-2023 nango-2024, inani eliphelele lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kulindeleke ukuthi lihlale lisezingeni eliphansi lamathani angaba ngu-250000. Kungabonakala ukuthi umthelela wokuthunyelwa kwe-petroleum coke kwamanye amazwe ephethini yokuhlinzekwa kwe-petroleum coke yasekhaya ungachazwa ngegama elithi "akunakwa".
Ngokombono wemithombo yokungenisa, isakhiwo semithombo yokungenisa i-coke kaphethiloli yasekhaya asishintshanga kakhulu eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, ikakhulukazi evela e-United States, eSaudi Arabia, eRussia, eCanada, eColombia naseTaiwan, eChina. Imikhiqizo emihlanu ephezulu engenisiwe ibiza u-72% - 84% wemikhiqizo yonke engenisiwe yonyaka. Okunye ukungenisa okuvela ikakhulukazi kuvela eNdiya, eRomania naseKazakhstan, okubiza u-16% - 27% wemikhiqizo yonke engenisiwe. Ngo-2022, isidingo sasekhaya sizokhula kakhulu, futhi intengo ye-coke kaphethiloli izokhula kakhulu. Ithonywe yisenzo sezempi samazwe ngamazwe, amanani aphansi nezinye izici, imikhiqizo engenisiwe ye-coke yaseVenezuela izokhula kakhulu, ibekwe endaweni yesibili ngobukhulu kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Agasti 2022, kanti i-United States izoqhubeka nokuba yindawo yokuqala.
Ngamafuphi, iphethini yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-petroleum coke ngeke ishintshe kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje. Kuseyizwe elikhulu elingenisa futhi lisebenzisa. I-petroleum coke yasekhaya isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufunwa kwasekhaya, ngenani elincane lokuthumela ngaphandle. Inkomba kanye nentengo ye-petroleum coke engenisiwe kunezinzuzo ezithile, ezizoba nomthelela othile emakethe yasekhaya ye-petroleum coke.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 23-2022