Isimo samanje sokuvuselelwa kwe-graphite electrode sibonisa intuthuko efanayo ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhula kwezimboni, kanti izinga lokuvuselelwa kwe-graphite elachithekile kulindeleke ukuthi likhuphuke lisuka ku-15% ngo-2023 liye ku-25% ngo-2025. Ubuchwepheshe bokuvuselela bezinto ze-anode zebhethri le-lithium-ion bufinyelele ekuthengisweni, kanye nokusebenza kwezindlela ze-graphite ezisetshenzisiwe ezifana nezezinto ezingezona ezangempela. Kodwa-ke, imboni isabhekene nezinselele ezifana nokubuswa yizindawo zokusebenzela ezincane kanye nokuntuleka kwezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe.
I. Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe: Ukwenziwa Kwezentengiselwano Kobuchwepheshe Bokuvuselela Ibhethri Le-Lithium-Ion Anode
Inqubo Yokuvuselela Okuqhubekayo Kokushisa Okuphezulu
Izinkampani ezifana neBobang Shanhe ziphakamise ubumsulwa bezinto zokwakha i-graphite anode (kufaka phakathi izinhlobo zokwenziwa, zemvelo, kanye nezihlanganisiwe) zafika ku-99.99% ngobuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo be-graphitization. Imikhiqizo ye-anode evuselelwe ifinyelela amazinga okusebenza afana nezinto ezintsha. Le nqubo ibhekana nezinselele ezifana nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokungcola kanye nezakhiwo zekristalu ezonakele ngokulungiswa kwesakhiwo se-microcrystalline kanye nokwenza ngcono i-surface morphology, okuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa okubalulekile kobuchwepheshe embonini yokuvuselela amabhethri e-lithium-ion.
Izinhlelo Zomnotho Ojikelezayo Eziqhutshwa Yinqubomgomo
Uhlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Lwe-14 lwaseShayina luqoka imikhiqizo ye-graphite ephezulu njengento ebalulekile ocwaningweni, kanye nesinxephezelo somshuwalense sokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha ezihlanganisa i-graphite ekhethekile kanye nokunikeza uxhaso olufika ku-RMB million 30 ngephrojekthi ngayinye. Ezingeni lesifunda, iWeifang, eShandong, izimise njenge-“Eastern Carbon Valley,” ihlanganisa amabhizinisi angu-32 e-graphite ekhethekile futhi ifinyelela inani lokukhiqiza elidlula i-RMB billion 8 ngo-2024, yakha iqembu lezimboni lesifunda.
II. Ukwanda Kwezimboni: Ukukhula Okusheshayo Kwamazinga Okusebenzisa Kabusha kanye Nomthamo
Ukwanda Okuphawulekayo Kwezinga Lokusebenzisa Kabusha
Izingcindezi zemvelo ziyaphoqa amabhizinisi ukuthi amukele imikhuba yokulondoloza imvelo. Inqubo yokwenza i-graphitization ikhiqiza amathani angu-6.8 okukhishwa kwe-CO₂ ngethani, okwenza izinkampani ezihamba phambili zinciphise ukukhishwa kwemvelo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamandla aluhlaza kanye nokubamba, ukusebenzisa, kanye nokugcina i-carbon (CCUS) ngenkathi zikhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwe-graphite kadoti. Ngo-2025, isilinganiso semikhiqizo ye-graphite engasetshenziswa kabusha kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke sisuka ku-15% ngo-2023 siye ku-25%, kusungulwe uhlelo oluvaliwe "lokukhiqiza-ukuvuselela kabusha-ukukhiqiza kabusha."
Ukuthunyelwa Okusheshayo Kwekhono Lokusebenzisa Kabusha
UBobang Shanhe uqalise isigaba sokuqala sephrojekthi yokuvuselela ikhwalithi ephezulu yamathani angu-20,000 yama-anode e-graphite kadoti, kanti i-CATL itshale imali emgqeni wokuqala wokukhiqizwa ngobuningi wokuvuselela izinto ze-graphite anode, okufinyelela izinga lokuvuselela elingaphezu kuka-90%. Ngo-2025, inani eliphelele lama-anode e-graphite kadoti adinga ukuvuselelwa kulindeleke ukuthi lidlule amathani angu-150,000, kanye nesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) esingu-40%, okubonisa amandla amakhulu emakethe.
III. Izinselele Zemboni: Ukubusa Kwezindawo Zokusebenzela Ezincane Nokuntuleka Kwezindinganiso
Inani Eliphezulu Lokusetshenziswa Kabusha Okungekho Emthethweni
Imakethe yokuvuselela amabhethri e-lithium-ion ibilokhu ibuswa yizindawo zokusebenzela ezincane, ezihlanganisa u-70% womkhakha. Ukudilizwa okungekho emthethweni kuholela ekuvuvukeni kwe-carcinogens (isb., ama-nickel compounds) kanye nezinto ezibolayo (isb., i-hydrogen fluoride), okubeka izingozi emvelweni nasempilweni yabantu. Imboni yokuvuselela ama-electrode e-graphite ibhekene nezinkinga ezifanayo, lapho izinto ze-graphite ezisetshenziswe kabusha ngokungahlelekile zibonisa ikhwalithi engaguquki futhi zehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa eziphezulu.
Izindinganiso Zobuchwepheshe Ezingaphelele kanye Nezinhlaka Zokulawula
Naphezu kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yamabhizinisi ahamba phambili, imboni ayinazo izindinganiso zokuvuselela kabusha ezihlanganisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokuqinisekisa. Izindinganiso zemvelo zomhlaba wonke ezifana ne-EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) zibeka izidingo eziqinile ze-carbon footprint kuma-electrode e-graphite, okudinga ukusungulwa okusheshayo kohlelo lokuvuselela kabusha oluvaliwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuncintisana kwezobuchwepheshe phakathi kwezinkampani zasekhaya.
IV. Izitayela Zesikhathi Esizayo: Intuthuko Esezingeni Eliphezulu, Ehlakaniphile, Neluhlaza
Ukuhlanganiswa Kobuchwepheshe Okuqhubekisela Phambili Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza Kahle
Ubuchwepheshe obuphindwe kabili bedijithali buvumela ukulingiswa okunamandla kwamapharamitha enqubo ngokunemba okungaphezu kuka-90% ekubikezeleni amaphutha okusebenza, kuyilapho izinhlelo zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo zisebenzisa izinzwa zokukhipha umsindo ukuqapha izimo zokusika ngesikhathi sangempela, zifinyelele ukunemba kokunciphisa amaphutha okungu-0.1 μm. Lokhu kusungula izinto ezintsha kunciphisa imijikelezo yokucubungula ngo-20% futhi kuthuthukise amazinga okukhiqiza abe ngaphezu kuka-98%, okunikeza izixazululo ezihlakaniphile zokuvuselela kabusha i-graphite electrode.
Amamodeli Omnotho Ojikelezayo Aba Yizinto Ezivamile
Ubuchwepheshe bokuvuselela i-graphite kusuka kumabhethri e-lithium-ion asetshenzisiwe bufinyelela izinga lokubuyisa elingu-90% ngezindleko eziphansi ngo-30% kunezinto ezingezona ezisetshenziswa. Amabhizinisi athuthukisa ukujikeleza kwezinsiza ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezifana nokusetshenziswa okuphelele kanye nokuvuselela amabhethri asetshenzisiwe, okwakha uchungechunge lwezimboni oluyindilinga oluhlanganisa "ukumbiwa kwe-graphite-ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo-ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha."
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-28-2025