Ama-electrode e-graphite ayisici sokushisa esiyinhloko esisetshenziswa esithandweni se-arc sikagesi, inqubo yokwenza insimbi lapho kuncibilikiswa khona izingcucu ezisuka ezimotweni ezindala noma izinto zikagesi ukuze kukhiqizwe insimbi entsha.
Izithando ze-arc zikagesi zishibhile ukwakha kuneziqhumiso zendabuko, ezakha insimbi nge-iron ore futhi ezibaswa ngamalahle okubhaka. Kodwa izindleko zokwenza insimbi ziphezulu njengoba zisebenzisa izinsalela zensimbi futhi zisebenza ngogesi.
Ama-electrode ayingxenye yesivalo sesithando somlilo futhi ahlanganiswe abe amakholomu. Ugesi ube usudlula kuma-electrode, enze i-arc yokushisa okunamandla okuncibilikisa insimbi engasasebenzi. Ama-Electrode ayahluka kakhulu ngosayizi kodwa angaba amamitha angu-0.75 (amafidi angu-2 nohhafu) ububanzi futhi afinyelele kumamitha angu-2.8 (9 amafidi) ubude. Isisindo esikhulu kunazo zonke singaphezu kwamathani amamethrikhi amabili.
Kuthatha kufika ku-3 kg (6.6 lb) wama-electrode e-graphite ukukhiqiza ithani elilodwa lensimbi.
Ichopho le-electrode lizofinyelela ku-3 000 degrees Celsius, okuyisigamu sokushisa kwelanga. Ama-electrode enziwe nge-graphite ngoba yi-graphite kuphela ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa okunamandla kangako.
Khona-ke isithando somlilo sithelwa ohlangothini lwaso ukuze sithele insimbi encibilikisiwe emabhakedeni amakhulu abizwa ngokuthi ama-ladle. Amaleyidi abe esethwala insimbi encibilikisiwe ayiyise emshinini wokugaya, okwenza imikhiqizo emisha ngezicucu ezigaywe kabusha.
Ugesi odingekayo kule nqubo wanele ukunika amandla idolobha elinabantu abangu-100,000. Ukuncibilika ngakunye esithandweni sesimanje se-arc sikagesi ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-90 futhi kwenza amathani angu-150 ensimbi, anele izimoto ezingaba ngu-125.
I-needle coke iwumkhiqizo oyinhloko osetshenziswa kuma-electrode abakhiqizi abathi kungathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha ukwenziwa ngezinqubo ezihlanganisa ukubhaka kanye nokubhaka kabusha ukuze kuguqulwe i-coke ibe igraphite.
Kukhona inaliti ye-petroleum-based coke kanye ne-coke yenaliti esekwe emalahleni, futhi ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza ama-electrode e-graphite. I-'Pet coke' iwumkhiqizo ophuma ohlelweni lokucwenga uwoyela, kuyilapho i-coke yenaliti esekelwe emalahleni yenziwa ngetiyela lamalahle elivela ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-coke.
Ngezansi kukhona abakhiqizi abaphezulu emhlabeni bama-electrode e-graphite abalwa ngamandla okukhiqiza ngo-2016:
Igama Lenkampani Ikomkhulu Lamandla Amasheya
(,000 amathani) YTD %
I-GrafTech US 191 Iyimfihlo
Amazwe ngamazwe
I-Fangda Carbon China 165 +264
*SGL Carbon Germany 150 +64
*Showa Denko Japan 139 +98
KK
Graphite India India 98 +416
Ltd
HEG India 80 +562
I-Tokai Carbon Japan 64 +137
Co Ltd
I-Nippon Carbon Japan 30 +84
Co Ltd
I-SEC Carbon Japan 30 +98
*I-SGL Carbon ngo-Okthoba 2016 ithe izodayisela ibhizinisi layo le-graphite electrode eShowa Denko.
Imithombo: GrafTech International, UK Steel, Tokai Carbon Co Ltd
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-21-2021