Ama-electrode e-graphite anamandla aphezulu kakhulu asetshenziswe kabanzi kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
1. Izinhlobo ze-Graphite zokubunjwa okuqhubekayo nokuqhubekayo kwezinsimbi ezingezona i-ferrous
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izindlela zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokukhiqizwa okuqondile (noma okungapheli) kwemigoqo noma amashubhu avela esimweni sensimbi encibilikisiwe ziye zakhuthazwa kokubili ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Le ndlela isiqalile ukwamukelwa eShayina ezicini ezifana nethusi, i-alloy yethusi, i-aluminium kanye ne-aluminium alloys. I-graphite yokwenziwa ibhekwa njengento efanele kakhulu yezinhlobo zokubumba eziqhubekayo noma ezingapheli zezinsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous. Umkhuba wokukhiqiza ukhombisile ukuthi ngenxa yokwamukelwa kwezinhlobo zokubumba ze-graphite, ezine-conductivity enhle yokushisa (ukuqhuba ukushisa kunquma isivinini sokuqina kwezinsimbi noma i-alloys) kanye nokusebenza okuhle kokuzigcoba kwezinhlobo zokubumba, isivinini sokubumba asikhuphuki nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ngoba usayizi we-inget unembile, ubuso bubushelelezi, kanye nesakhiwo sekristalu siyafana, inqubo elandelayo yokucubungula ingenziwa ngqo. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokukhulisa kakhulu isivuno semikhiqizo eqediwe futhi kunciphisa ukulahleka kwemikhiqizo elahliwe, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezindlela zokuphonsa okuqhubekayo: ukuphonsa okuqhubekayo okuqondile kanye nokuphonsa okuqhubekayo okuvundlile.
2. Izikhunta zokuphonsa ingcindezi
Izinto zokwenziwa ze-graphite zisetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekubunjweni kwensimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous. Isibonelo, izinto zokwenziwa ze-zinc alloy nezethusi ezikhiqizwa yizimondo zokwenziwa ze-pressure casting ezenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa ze-graphite ziye zasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zezimoto nakwezinye izici.
3. Idayi yokucindezela eshisayo
Ama-dies okucindezela ashisayo e-graphite okwenziwa anezici ezilandelayo uma esetshenziswa ekushiseni ingcindezi ye-carbide eqinisiwe:
Okokuqala, uma izinga lokushisa lokucindezela likhushulwa libe ngama-degrees angu-1350-1450, ingcindezi yeyunithi edingekayo ingancishiswa ibe ngamakhilogremu angu-67-100 amandla ngesentimitha lesikwele (okungukuthi, ingxenye yeshumi yengcindezi yokucindezela okubandayo). Okwesibili, ukucindezela nokushisa kwenziwa ngenqubo efanayo, futhi umzimba oqinile osikiwe ungatholakala ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane sokushisa.
4. Izikhunta zokwenza ingilazi
Ngenxa yokuqina kwamakhemikhali kwezinto ze-graphite, ukumelana kwazo nokumanziswa yingilazi encibilikisiwe, kanye neqiniso lokuthi azishintshi ukwakheka kwengilazi, kanye nokumelana kwazo okuhle nokushaqeka kokushisa kanye nezinguquko ezincane zobukhulu bokushisa, ziye zaba izinto zesikhunta ezibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwengilazi eminyakeni yamuva nje. Zingasetshenziswa ukwenza isikhunta samapayipi engilazi, amapayipi endololwane, ama-funnel, kanye namanye amabhodlela engilazi ahlukahlukene anomumo okhethekile.
5. I-Sintering dies nezinye
Ngokusebenzisa ukuguquguquka okuncane kakhulu kokushisa kwezinto zokwenziwa ze-graphite, kungenziwa izikhunta ezisilayo kanye nama-bracket ama-transistors. Manje isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi isibe yinto ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imboni ye-semiconductor. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhunta ze-graphite zisetshenziswa nasezikhumbeni zensimbi ecijile, izikhumbeni ezihlala isikhathi eside zezinsimbi ezahlukene ezingezona i-ferrous, izikhumbeni zensimbi ecijile, izikhumbeni zezinsimbi ezingamelani nokushisa (njenge-titanium, i-zirconium, i-molybdenum, njll.), kanye nezikhumbeni ze-aluminothermic welding molds zama-welding rails, njll.
6. Izikhunta ze-Graphite zokwenziwa kwe-centrifugal
I-mold graphite isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekubunjweni kwe-centrifugal. I-United States yamukele izibunjwa ze-graphite zokwenziwa ezinobukhulu bodonga obungaphezu kwamamilimitha angu-25 ukuze kubunjwe imikhono yethusi nge-centrifugal. Ukuze kuvinjelwe umonakalo ovuthayo wezibunjwa ze-graphite zokwenziwa, kungathathwa izinyathelo ezithile zokulwa ne-oxidation. Ngemva kokubunjwa inani elithile lezibunjwa, uma ubuso bangaphakathi besikhunta butholakala bushile, ubukhulu bomgodi wangaphakathi wesikhunta bungandiswa ukuze busetshenziselwe ukubunjwa imikhono emikhulu. I-Qingdao Mingyuan Fengyue New Materials uhlobo olusha lwebhizinisi lokucubungula i-graphite elinempuphu ye-flake graphite esezingeni eliphezulu njengomzimba wayo oyinhloko kanye nemikhiqizo ye-graphite yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengomkhiqizo wayo ohamba phambili. Isungule ubudlelwano besikhathi eside bokubambisana namayunithi angaphezu kuka-200 asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe futhi idunyiswe kakhulu yiningi labasebenzisi.
Impuphu ye-graphite ye-nanometer yenziwe nge-graphite yemvelo egobile njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, icutshungulwa ngokusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile yokuchoboza ngomshini kanye namasu okukhiqiza akhethekile. Njengempuphu ye-graphite ye-nanoscale, i-graphite ye-nanometer powder inezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane bezinhlayiya, okuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwekhabhoni, kanye nokuthamba okuphezulu okuhle, ukuhanjiswa kukagesi okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, njll. Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwempuphu ye-nano-graphite busezindaweni zokukhiqiza zezimboni ezifana nokuthambisa kanye nokuqhuba.
Izinhlayiya ze-graphite ze-nanometer zilungile futhi zinobukhulu obuhle bezinhlayiya. Zakha ungqimba lokuvikela oluqinile futhi olucishe lungagugi oluhlanganiswe ngamakhemikhali ebusweni bensimbi. Zingaxutshwa nezinto ezingagugi ezifana nama-resin nemikhiqizo yerabha neyepulasitiki ukwenza izinto ezihlanganisiwe zokuqhuba. I-graphite ye-nanometer ingenziwa futhi ibe yizimbozo zokuqhuba. Izimbozo zokuqhuba ezihlanganisiwe ezitholakala ngokungeza izigcwalisi zokuqhuba zinezakhiwo zikagesi eziqinile nezizinzile. Inezinzuzo zokuqhuba okuhle kokushisa, ukuqhuba kahle kukagesi okuhle kakhulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kakhulu. I-graphite ye-nanometer inosayizi wezinhlayiya ofanayo, ubumsulwa obuphezulu, kanye nomsebenzi ophezulu wobuso. Iphinde ibe nokusebenza okuphezulu kokuqhuba kukagesi kanye nokuthambisa, kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali kwempuphu ye-graphite. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwempuphu ye-graphite ye-nanometer bubanzi kakhulu embonini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwempuphu ye-nano-graphite ekulungiseni amabhethri okugcina nakho kubanzi kakhulu. Ukwengeza i-nano-graphite kumabhethri asetshenzisiwe kungandisa amandla awo okugcina abe ngaphezu kuka-90% wangempela futhi kwandise impilo yawo yesevisi okungenani ngonyaka owodwa. Lokhu kusindisa kakhulu izindleko zokusebenzisa amabhethri okugcina futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukungcola kwebhethri kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Impuphu ye-graphite inezinhlobo eziningi zezicelo embonini. Ingasetshenziswa emikhakheni eyahlukene yokukhiqiza yezimboni. Ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile kwempuphu ye-graphite kuholela emananini ahlukene. Impuphu ye-graphite inemiphumela emihle yokusetshenziswa emikhakheni efana nokuthambisa kwezimboni, i-metallurgy, i-conductivity, kanye nezinto eziphikisayo. Izici ezifana nokusetshenziswa, usayizi wezinhlayiya, kanye nohlobo lwempuphu ye-graphite konke kungathinta intengo yayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwempuphu ye-graphite kuyahlukahluka, ngakho-ke kunezinhlobo eziningi zempuphu ye-graphite. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zempuphu ye-graphite zinamanani ahlukene. I-flake graphite ingacutshungulwa ibe yimpuphu ye-graphite enezincazelo ezahlukene kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya ngokusebenzisa imishini yokuchoboza ehlukene kanye namasu okukhiqiza. Njengomkhiqizi wempuphu ye-graphite, izincazelo zempuphu ye-graphite ekhiqizwayo zisukela ku-mesh engu-80 kuya ku-15000 mesh. Impuphu ye-graphite inezincazelo ezahlukene kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya, futhi nentengo yayo injalo. Ngemva kokucutshungulwa ngamasu okukhiqiza, impuphu ye-graphite inokugcoba okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukuqhuba kukagesi, ukumelana nokugqwala, njll. Impuphu ye-graphite ingadlala indima efanayo emikhakheni ehlukene yokukhiqiza embonini.
Izinhlobo zempuphu ye-graphite zifaka: Impuphu ye-flake graphite, i-ultrafine graphite powder, i-nano graphite powder, i-colloidal graphite, i-expanded graphite, i-expanded graphite, i-micro-powder graphite, njll., zonke lezi mpuphu ze-graphite zicutshungulwa ngezindlela ezahlukene zokukhiqiza, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuyahlukahluka. Impuphu ye-graphite isetshenziswa emikhakheni yokukhiqiza uwoyela wokugcoba, izinto zokugcoba eziqinile, izinto zokugcoba ze-graphite, izitini eziphikisayo, ama-electrode e-graphite, amabhulashi, ama-electrode angenayo ibhethri, njll. Zonke zinezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-15-2025