I-Graphitized Petroleum Coke: “Inkosi” Phakathi Kwabasebenza Nge-Carburizing

I-graphitized petroleum coke ibhekwa “njengenkosi” phakathi kwama-carburizing agents ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobumsulwa bayo obuphezulu, ukristali ophezulu, izinga lokumuncwa elihle kakhulu, kanye nokuqina, okubonisa inani elingenakuphikwa emikhakheni eminingi efana ne-metallurgy, ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizo we-graphite, kanye nomkhakha wezempi. Ukuhlaziywa okulandelayo kwenziwa kusukela ezicini ezintathu: izici eziyinhloko, izinzuzo zenqubo, kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa.

I. Izici Eziyinhloko: “Izakhi Zofuzo Zasebukhosini” zeGraphitized Petroleum Coke

Ubumsulwa Obukhulu Nokungcola Okuphansi

I-graphitized petroleum coke iphathwa nge-graphitization yokushisa okuphezulu ku-2200 - 2600℃, okususa ukungcola okuningi njenge-sulfur, i-nitrogen, nomlotha. Okuqukethwe kwayo kwekhabhoni okuqinile kuphakeme njengo-80% - 92%, kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-sulfur okuphansi njengo-≤0.1% kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ≤0.5%. Lesi sici sobumsulwa obuphezulu siqinisekisa ukuthi asizifaki izinto eziyingozi ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka i-carburizing, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yensimbi. Isibonelo, ekwenzeni insimbi, okuqukethwe kwe-sulfur okuphansi kunganciphisa isimo "sokuphuka okushisayo" futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kanye nokumelana nomthelela kwensimbi.

Ukuqina Okuphezulu Nokuzinza

Inqubo ye-graphitization ihlela ama-athomu e-carbon abe yi-microstructure evamile ye-graphite, yakha isakhiwo se-high-crystallinity. Lesi sakhiwo sizinzile kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi asithambekele kakhulu ekushiseni nasekuwohlokeni, okuqinisekisa umphumela ohlala isikhathi eside we-carburization. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-petroleum coke engafakwanga ithambekele ekuboleni emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuholela ekwehleni kwesilinganiso sokumuncwa kwe-carbon.

Isakhiwo Esinezimbobo kanye Nokusabela Okuphezulu

I-graphitized petroleum coke inesakhiwo esinezimbobo esinendawo enkulu ethile, okwenza ikwazi ukuxhumana ngokushesha futhi ibole ekuncibilikeni kwensimbi noma kwensimbi ukuze kwakheke ama-nuclei, okuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokumuncwa kwekhabhoni. Idatha yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi umphumela wayo wokumuncwa ulingana nowezinto ezisebenzisa amalahle eziqukethe i-carbon ezingaphezu kuka-90%, kodwa inesivinini sokuphendula esisheshayo, esinganciphisa isikhathi sokuncibilikisa ngo-10% - 15%, kufezwe ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa.

II. Izinzuzo Zenqubo: Ukuguqula Itshe Libe Yigolide Ngokwelashwa Kwe-Graphitization

Ukulungiswa Kokuhlelwa Kwama-Molecular

Ukwelashwa nge-graphitization kwandisa isikhala phakathi kwama-athomu e-carbon, kwakha isakhiwo sekristalu esinama-hexagonal esivumela kakhulu ukubola. Lesi sakhiwo singakhipha ngokushesha ama-athomu e-carbon ekuncibilikeni kwensimbi, sikhuthaze i-graphite nucleation futhi sithuthukise isimo se-graphite sensimbi ephonswe (njengokwandisa inani le-spheroidal graphite), ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukise izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-castings.

Ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko nokusebenza kahle

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwe-graphitization kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okushisa okuphezulu, izinga layo eliphezulu lokumuncwa kanye nokuqina kunganciphisa inani le-ejenti ye-carburizing esetshenziswayo (ngokuvamile ingaphansi ngo-20% - 30% kune-ejenti ye-carburizing esekelwe kumalahle) futhi kunciphise ukulahlekelwa kwesikhathi sokungasebenzi kokukhiqiza okubangelwa ukulungiswa okuphindaphindiwe kwezingxenye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindleko zizonke ziphansi, futhi zingathuthukisa kancane kancane ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

III. Izimo Zokusebenza: “Umdlali Ophelele” kusukela ku-Metallurgy kuya ku-High Technology

Imboni Yensimbi: Isiqinisekiso Esiphindwe Kabili Sokuthuthukiswa Kwe-Carburization Nokuthuthukiswa Kwekhwalithi

• Ukwenza Insimbi: Ngokwandisa inani lensimbi elahliwe nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi yengulube, kuhlanganiswe ne-carburization kusetshenziswa i-graphitized petroleum coke, izindleko zokwenziwa kwensimbi zingancishiswa ngo-10% - 20%, ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ubumsulwa kanye nezakhiwo zensimbi.
• Ukukhipha: Kuthuthukisa isimo se-graphite kanye nezinga lama-nodularity, kwandise impilo yenkonzo yokukhipha. Isibonelo, ekukhipheni amabhlogo esilinda senjini yemoto, ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphitized petroleum coke kungandisa ukumelana nokukhathala kokukhipha ngo-15% - 20%.

Ukukhiqizwa Komkhiqizo We-Graphite: Itshe Lesisekelo Lezinto Ezisezingeni Eliphezulu

I-graphitized petroleum coke iyinto eluhlaza eyinhloko yokukhiqiza amabhlogo amakhulu e-cathode, ama-carbon electrode, ama-electrode ane-graphitized, kanye nama-electrode paste asebenza kahle kakhulu. Ubumsulwa bayo obuphezulu kanye ne-crystallinity ephezulu kungahlangabezana nezidingo zezitofu zezimboni ezithuthukela ezingeni elikhulu nelikhulu kakhulu, kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-oxidation emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi kwandise impilo yesevisi yemishini.

Imboni Yezempi: Umdlali Ongaba Khona Ezintweni Ezingangeni Izinhlamvu

Idayimane elimnyama (idayimane le-polycrystalline yemvelo) libhekwa njengezinto zobumba zesikhathi esizayo zokuvimba ama-projectiles okubhoboza izikhali ngenxa yobulukhuni balo obuphezulu (obulandela idayimane ne-boron nitride kuphela) kanye nobuningi obuphansi (2.52 g/cm³). I-graphitized petroleum coke, ngokucubungula okujulile, ingathatha indawo yedayimane elimnyama kancane ekukhiqizweni kwezinto eziqinisayo zezinto zempi ze-pyrotechnic, kunciphisa ukuncika ezinsizeni ezintulekayo.

Ezinye Izinkambu Zezimboni: “Izinto Ezisizayo Zomhlaba Wonke” Zokusetshenziswa Kwemingcele Ehlukene

• Imboni Yamakhemikhali: Isebenza njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa, ikhipha umjovo wokunciphisa, kanye nezinto eziphikisayo.
• Imboni Kagesi: Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amabhulashi ekhabhoni, okuthuthukisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka.
• Imboni Yebhethri: Isetshenziswa ezintweni ze-electrode ukuthuthukisa ukuminyana kwamandla kanye nokuphila komjikelezo.
• Imboni Yemishini: Isebenza njengesithambisi sokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokungqubuzana.

Isiphetho: “Indlela Yasebukhosini” yeGraphitized Petroleum Coke

I-graphitized petroleum coke ibeke uphawu emkhakheni wama-carburizing agents ngezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba nezamakhemikhali. Ayixazululi nje kuphela izinkinga zokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokungcola kanye nezinga eliphansi lokumuncwa kwama-carburizing agents endabuko kodwa futhi ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-graphite, kanye nemboni yezempi ngokusebenzisa ukuqina kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokuqina. Njengoba isidingo sokulondolozwa kwamandla sikhula, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa komoya, kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphezulu, "isimo sobukhosi" se-graphitized petroleum coke sizoqiniswa ngokwengeziwe, okwenza kube "idayimane elimnyama" elibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni.