Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezakhiwo ezingokoqobo namakhemikhali zama-graphite electrode kanye nokusetshenziswa kwensimbi yokwenziwa kwesithando somlilo kagesi

I-Electric arc furnace steelmaking isekelweama-electrodeukukhiqiza ama-arcs, ukuze amandla kagesi aguqulwe abe amandla okushisa ku-arc, ukuncibilika komthwalo wesithando somlilo nokususa ukungcola okufana nesibabule ne-phosphorus, ukwengeza izakhi ezidingekayo (njengekhabhoni, i-nickel, i-manganese, njll.) ukuze kuncibilike insimbi noma i-alloy enezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene. Ukushisa kwamandla kagesi kungalawula ngokunembile izinga lokushisa kwesithando futhi kukhiqize igesi engcolile yokushisa ephansi. Ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kwesithando somlilo se-arc steelmaking kungaphezu kwalokho kwesiguquli.

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kunomlando weminyaka engaba yi-100 ekwenzeni insimbi ye-EAF, nakuba ezinye izindlela zihlala zibhekana nezinselele zokwenza insimbi nokuncintisana, ikakhulukazi umthelela wokwenza insimbi komoya-mpilo osebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa ingxenye yokukhiqizwa kwensimbi kokwenziwa kwensimbi kwe-EAF emhlabeni jikelele isaqhubeka ikhula unyaka nonyaka. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, insimbi ekhiqizwa yi-EAF emhlabeni yabalelwa ku-1/3 wesamba sensimbi ephumayo. Kwamanye amazwe, i-EAF yayiwubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokwenza insimbi kwamanye amazwe, futhi ingxenye yensimbi ekhiqizwa ukuncibilikiswa kwe-EAF yayingaphezulu ngo-70% kunaleyo yase-Italy.

Ngawo-1980, kwasakazeka ekukhiqizeni insimbi ye-EAF ngokusakazwa okuqhubekayo, futhi kancane kancane kwakha "inqubo yokukhiqiza ukonga amandla yesithando somlilo esishisisa ngaphambili sikagesi esincibilikisa ukucwenga okuqhubekayo, isithando somlilo se-arc sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekulahlekeni kwemishini esheshayo njengempahla eluhlaza ye-AC yokumisa insimbi. ukuntengantenga kwe-arc yesithando somlilo, ukunikezwa kwamandla ezigaba ezintathu kanye nokungalingani kwamanje kanye nomthelela omkhulu kugridi yamandla kanye nocwaningo lwesithando somlilo se-DC arc, futhi kwafakwa ezimbonini zekhulu lokuqala.maphakathi nawo-1990s, isithando somlilo se-DC arc sisebenzisa impande engu-1 kuphela ye-electrode ye-graphite iye yasetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni ngeminyaka yama-90s (2 nge-graphite electrode DC arc furnace).

Ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode egraphite kuyinzuzo enkulu yesithando somlilo se-arc, ngaphambi kokuphela kweminyaka yawo-1970, isithando somlilo se-AC arc ton ngayinye yokusetshenziswa kwensimbi ye-graphite electrode ngo-5 ~ 8kg, izindleko ze-graphite electrode zibalelwa ku-10% wezindleko eziphelele zensimbi kuya ku-15%, nakuba kuthathwe inani le-6 kg yezindleko zokukhiqiza noma i-electrode. kubalwe u-7% 10%, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kanye nendlela yokwenza insimbi ephezulu, i-electrode yak iyancipha ibe yi-2 ~ 3k.g / T steel, isithando somlilo se-arc esisebenzisa i-electrode engu-1 kuphela ye-graphite, ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphite electrode kungancipha ku-1.5kg / T steel ngaphansi.

Kokubili ithiyori kanye nokwenza kukhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okukodwa kwe-electrode yegraphite kungancishiswa ngo-40% kuya ku-60% uma kuqhathaniswa nesithando somlilo se-AC arc.