I-ejenti ye-carburizing, isetshenziswa embonini yensimbi neyokubumba, yokugaya i-carburing, ukususa i-sulfurization nezinye izinto ezisizayo. Esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokuncibilikisa insimbi nensimbi ukuvala okuqukethwe yikhabhoni okushisiwe enkambisweni yokuncibilikisa insimbi nensimbi kanye nokwengezwa kwezinto eziqukethe ikhabhoni.
Enqubweni yokuncibilikisa insimbi nemikhiqizo yensimbi, ngokuvamile ngenxa yesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, isikhathi sokubamba, isikhathi sokushisa ngokweqile nezinye izici, ukulahleka kokuncibilikisa kwezakhi zekhabhoni ku-liquid iron kuyanda, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwe-liquid iron, okuholela ekutheni okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwe-liquid iron kungafinyeleli inani elilindelekile lokucwengisisa. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwengeza imikhiqizo ye-carburizing ukuze kulungiswe okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwensimbi, okuyisengezo esibalulekile sokukhiqiza insimbi esezingeni eliphezulu.
I-ejenti ye-carburizing ngokuya ngokukhiqizwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ingahlukaniswa ibe: i-carbon yokhuni, i-carbon yamalahle, i-coke carbon, i-graphite.
1. Ikhabhoni yokhuni
2. Uhlobo lwekhabhoni yamalahle
* I-carburizer yamalahle ejwayelekile ye-calcining: Iwumkhiqizo we-anthracite yokuwasha ephansi yomlotha kanye ne-sulfur ephansi esithandweni se-calcination ngemuva kwe-calcination yokushisa okuphezulu cishe ngo-1250℃, ekhiqizwa kakhulu eNingxia, e-Inner Mongolia. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuvamile kungu-90-93%. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emabhizinisini okwenza insimbi, kanti amanye amabhizinisi okukhipha asetshenziswa ensimbini empunga. Ngenxa yesakhiwo esiqinile sama-molecule ayo ekhabhoni, inqubo yokumunca ukushisa iyahamba kancane futhi isikhathi side.
* I-asphalt coking carburizer: umkhiqizo ophuma ku-hydrogenation ye-coal tar ukuze kukhiqizwe uwoyela. Iyi-carburizer ene-carbon ephezulu, i-sulfur ephansi kanye ne-nitrogen ephansi ekhishwe ku-tar. Okuqukethwe kwe-carbon kuphakathi kuka-96-99.5%, okuqukethwe okuguquguqukayo kuphansi, isakhiwo siminyene, amandla okusebenza kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwezinhlayiya kuphakeme kakhulu, kulula ukuqopha.
* I-Metallurgical coke carburizing agent: i-coking coating coating, ngokuvamile i-cupola ene-coke enkulu, ngaphezu kokuncibilikisa, kodwa futhi isetshenziselwa i-metal charge carburizing.
3. I-Coke (i-petroleum coke) ikhabhoni
* I-carburizer ye-coke ene-calcined: Iwumkhiqizo owenziwe nge-coke kaphethiloli ene-sulfur ephansi njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, ecutshungulwa esithandweni se-calcination kuma-degrees angu-1300-1500 ngemva kokususa umswakama, ukubola kanye nokungcola. Okuqukethwe kwayo kwekhabhoni okuqinile ngokuvamile kuzinzile cishe ku-98.5%, kanti okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-sulfur kungaphansi kakhulu ku-0.5% noma i-1%. Ubuningi bayo buncane, akulula ukububolisa, futhi isikhathi sokusebenzisa siphakathi nendawo. Ukukhiqizwa kugxile kakhulu eShandong, eLiaoning, eTianjin. Ngenxa yentengo yayo kanye nokutholakala kwayo ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-ejenti ye-carburizing kunenzuzo, imakethe isetshenziswa kabanzi.
* I-graphitic petroleum coke carburizing agent: i-petroleum coke esithandweni sokuncibilikisa i-graphitic ngemuva kwama-degree angu-3000 okukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-graphitic ekushiseni okuphezulu, ngokumuncwa okusheshayo, izinzuzo ze-carbon ephezulu kanye ne-sulfur ephansi. Okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-carbon kungu-98-99%, inkomba yokuqukethwe kwe-sulfur iphansi kuno-0.05% noma u-0.03%, izindawo ezikhiqizayo zigxile e-Inner Mongolia, eJiangsu, eSichuan njalonjalo. Enye indlela ivela ku-graphite electrode yokusika imfucuza, ngoba i-graphite electrode ngokwayo ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-graphitization, imfucuza ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-carburizing agent yezinsimbi zensimbi.
* I-carburizer ye-petroleum coke e-semi-graphitic: izinga lokushisa le-graphitic aliphezulu njenge-carburizer ye-graphitic, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ngokuvamile kungaphezu kuka-99.5, okuqukethwe kwe-sulfur kuphakeme kune-carburizer ye-graphitic, ngaphansi kuka-0.3%.
4. Uhlobo lwe-Graphite
* I-ejenti yokugabha i-graphite efana nomhlaba: ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphite efana nomhlaba ekuncibilikiseni insimbi nensimbi noma ekubunjweni kwe-carburizing, indawo yayo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza eHunan, ukusetshenziswa ngqo kwempuphu ye-graphite efana nomhlaba, ngokuvamile okuqukethwe yi-carbon ku-75-80%, kungahlanzwa ukuze kwandiswe okuqukethwe kwe-carbon komkhiqizo.
* I-ejenti ye-carburizing ye-graphite yemvelo: ikakhulukazi i-flake graphite, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ku-65-99%, ukuzinza okuphansi, okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezigayweni zensimbi.
* I-composite carburizing agent: i-graphite powder, i-coke powder, i-petroleum coke nezinye izinto zonyawo, ukwengeza ama-binder ahlukene ngomshini kungacindezelwa kube yisimo, senduku ehlanganisiwe. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-93 no-97%, kanti okuqukethwe kwesulfure akuzinzile kakhulu, ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-0.09 no-0.7.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-17-2022