Indlela yokufaka isithando somlilo
I-ejenti ye-Carburizing ifanele ukuncibilika esithandweni sokungeniswa, kodwa ukusetshenziswa okuqondile akufani ngokuya ngezidingo zenqubo.
(1) Esithandweni somlilo esincibilikisa imvamisa emaphakathi kusetshenziswa i-carburizing agent, ngokuya ngesilinganiso noma izidingo ezilingana nekhabhoni nezinto ezingezwe engxenyeni engezansi yesithando somlilo, izinga lokubuyisela lingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-95%;
(2) ukuncibilika kwensimbi okuwuketshezi uma inani lekhabhoni linganele ukulungisa isikhathi sekhabhoni, qala ngokudlala i-slag yesithando somlilo, bese wengeza i-agent carburizing, ngokusebenzisa ukushisa kwensimbi ye-liquid, ukugqugquzeleka kukamagnetic noma ukugqugquzela okwenziwa ukuncibilikisa ukumuncwa kwekhabhoni, izinga lokutakula lingaba cishe ngama-90, uma inqubo yokushisa ephansi ye-carburizing, okungukuthi, ingxenye yensimbi yokushisa ephansi i-molten kuphela. uma seyengezwe ensimbini ewuketshezi, Ngesikhathi esifanayo, icindezelwa ensimbi ewuketshezi ngokushaja okuqinile ukuyigcina ebusweni bensimbi ewuketshezi. Le ndlela ingakhuphula i-carburization ye-liquid iron ngaphezu kwe-1.0%.
Ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwe-ejenti ye-carburizing esithandweni sokungenisa
I-1, ukusetshenziswa kwesithando somlilo sikagesi esingu-5T noma ngaphezulu, impahla eluhlaza iyodwa futhi izinzile, sincoma indlela yokwengeza i-dispersive. Ngokwezidingo zokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, ngokwesilinganiso sezithako, i-ejenti yokungcwaba kanye nokushaja kwensimbi neqoqo ngalinye lezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze kuhlanganiswe isithando somlilo engxenyeni engezansi, ungqimba lwensimbi yokushaja ungqimba lwe-ejenti yokungcwaba, izinga lokumuncwa kwekhabhoni lingafinyelela ku-90% -95%, i-carburizing agent ekuncibilikeni ayi-slag, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula ukugoqa, ukugoqa i-carbon slagsor
2. Kusetshenziswa isithando somlilo esiphakathi nendawo esingaba ngu-3T, kanti impahla eluhlaza iyodwa futhi izinzile. Sincoma indlela yokwengeza emaphakathi. Lapho inani elincane lensimbi encibilikisiwe lincibilika noma lishiywe esithandweni, i-carburizing agent yengezwa ebusweni bensimbi encibilikisiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi inkokhelo yensimbi yengezwa ngokushesha. I-ejenti ye-carburizing icindezelwa ensimbi encibilikisiwe, ukuze i-agent carburizing ixhumane ngokugcwele nensimbi encibilikisiwe, futhi izinga lokumunca lingaphezu kwama-90%;
3, ukusetshenziswa kwesithando somlilo esincane esiphakathi nendawo kagesi, izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinensimbi yengulube nezinye izinto ezinekhabhoni ephezulu, sincoma ukulungiswa kahle kwe-ejenti ye-carburizing. Ngemuva kokuncibilika kwensimbi/insimbi encibilikisiwe, lungisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, kunganezelwa ebusweni bensimbi/yensimbi encibilikisiwe, ngokusebenzisa ukunyakaziswa kwamanje kwensimbi (insimbi) yamanzi noma ukugoqa okwenziwayo ukuze kuncibilike futhi kumunce umkhiqizo, izinga lokumunca ikhabhoni licishe libe ngu-93%.
Indlela ye-carburization yangaphandle yesithando somlilo
1. Futha i-graphite powder ngaphakathi kwesikhwama
I-graphite powder njenge-ejenti yokungcwaba, iphephezela ku-40kg/t, ingalindelwa ukuthi yenze okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi ewuketshezi isuke ku-2% iye ku-3%. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi enguketshezi kwanda kancane kancane, izinga lokusebenzisa ikhabhoni lehla. Izinga lokushisa lensimbi ewuketshezi ngaphambi kwe-carburization laliyi-1600 ℃, futhi izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngemuva kwe-carburization laliyi-1299 ℃. I-graphite powder carburization, ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-nitrogen njengesithwali, kodwa ezimweni zokukhiqiza ezimbonini, umoya ocindezelweyo ungcono kakhulu, futhi umoya-mpilo ekushisweni komoya ocindezelwe ukukhiqiza i-CO, ukushisa kwamakhemikhali okusabela kunganxephezela ingxenye yokwehla kwezinga lokushisa, futhi umoya wokunciphisa we-CO uvumela ukuthuthukisa umphumela we-carburization.
2, ukusetshenziswa kwe-iron carburizing agent
I-agent engu-100-300 ye-graphite powder carburizing agent ingafakwa ephaketheni, noma isuka emkhombeni wokuphuma kwensimbi ngokugeleza, ngemva kokuba insimbi iphume oketshezini ishukunyiswe ngokugcwele, ngangokunokwenzeka ukuncibilikisa ukumuncwa kwekhabhoni, izinga lokubuyiswa kwekhabhoni licishe libe ngu-50%.
Ekusetshenzisweni kwe-ejenti ye-carburizing kufanele inake inkinga
Uma isikhathi sokwengeza se-ejenti ye-carburizing singaphambi kwesikhathi, kulula ukusinamathisela eduze nangaphansi kwesithando somlilo, futhi i-ejenti yokungcwaba exhunywe odongeni lwesithando somlilo akulula ukuthi ihlanganiswe nensimbi ewuketshezi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukwengeza isikhathi sekwephuzile, kuzolahlekelwa ithuba lokwengeza i-carbon, okuholela ekuncibilikeni, isikhathi sokushisa kancane. Lokhu akubambezeli nje kuphela isikhathi sokuhlaziywa nokulungiswa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, kodwa futhi kubeka engcupheni umonakalo obangelwa ukufudumala ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, i-ejenti ye-carburizing noma inqubo yokwengeza ukushaja kwensimbi kancane kancane ukuze ujoyine.
Njengasesikhathini sesamba esikhulu sokwengezwa, singahlanganiswa nesithando sokufakelwa lapho ukusebenza kokushisa kwensimbi okuwuketshezi kuhlanganiswe nokucatshangelwa, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-carburizer ngesikhathi sokumuncwa kwensimbi eyi-10Min, ngakolunye uhlangothi ngomphumela wokunyakazisa kazibuthe we-carburizer ukumuncwa kwe-diffusion ngokugcwele, ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokumuncwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani le-nitrogen elethwa ku-carburizer lingancishiswa.
Ungangezi kanye, engeza ngamaqoqo, futhi ekugcineni uncibilike ingxenye, ubeke ingxenye yensimbi eshisayo (mayelana nephakethe) esikhwameni, bese ubuyela ku-carburizer yomlilo izikhathi ezingu-1-2, bese u-slag, engeza i-alloy.
Kunezici ezimbalwa okufanele uzinake:
1. I-Carburizing agent kunzima ukumunca (ngaphandle kokubala);
2, i-agent carburizing ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiyana zomlotha akufani;
3. Ukujoyina sekwephuze kakhulu;
4. Indlela yokuhlanganisa ayilungile, futhi ukuhlanganisa okugqinsiwe kuyamukelwa. Gwema isibuko sensimbi ewuketshezi kanye ne-slag eningi lapho wengezwa;
5. Zama ukungasebenzisi izinto ezigqwalile kakhulu.
Izici zekhwalithi ephezulu ye-ejenti ye-carburizing
1, usayizi wezinhlayiyana uphakathi, i-porosity inkulu, isivinini sokumuncwa siyashesha.
2. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ahlanzekile, ikhabhoni ephezulu, isibabule esiphansi, izingxenye ezincane kakhulu eziyingozi, izinga lokumunca eliphezulu.
3, umkhiqizo graphite crystal isakhiwo muhle, ngcono original liquid iron nucleation ikhono. Khulisa inani lamaqhuqhuva e-iron anodular ekujoweni, futhi ukhulise i-nucleus yegraphite ku-electric furnace liquid iron. Cwenga ngisho nokusatshalaliswa kukayinki wezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ekubunjweni.
4. Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu nokuzinza.
Ukukhethwa kwe-ejenti efanele ye-carburizing kusiza ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza zokuncibilikisa, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuncibilikisa insimbi nokubunjwa, ukuze isitshalo sokuncibilikisa, ukuphonsa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-02-2022