Ubuchwepheshe bokumboza ama-electrode e-graphite, ikakhulukazi ama-antioxidant coating, bandisa kakhulu impilo yabo yenkonzo ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi ze-physicochemical. Izimiso eziyinhloko kanye nezindlela zobuchwepheshe zichazwe kanje:
I. Izindlela Eziyinhloko Zokumboza Okune-Antioxidant
1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwamagesi akhipha i-oxidation
Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-arc ezishisa kakhulu, izindawo ze-graphite electrode zingafinyelela ku-2,000–3,000°C, okubangela ukusabela okunamandla kwe-oxidation nge-oxygen yomoya-mpilo (C + O₂ → CO₂). Lokhu kubala u-50–70% wokusetshenziswa kwe-electrode eceleni. Izembozo ze-antioxidant zakha izendlalelo ezihlanganisiwe ze-ceramic noma zensimbi-ceramic ukuze zivimbele ngempumelelo ukuxhumana kwe-oxygen ne-graphite matrix. Isibonelo:
Izembozo ze-RLHY-305/306: Sebenzisa izakhiwo ze-nano-ceramic fish-scale ukudala inethiwekhi yesigaba sengilazi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, unciphise ama-coefficients okusabalala komoya-mpilo ngaphezu kuka-90% futhi wandise impilo ye-electrode ngo-30–100%.
Izembozo Ezinezingqimba Eziningi Ze-Silicon-Boron Aluminate-Aluminum: Sebenzisa ukufutha komlilo ukwakha izakhiwo ze-gradient. Ingqimba yangaphandle ye-aluminium imelana namazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-1,500°C, kuyilapho ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwe-silicon lugcina ugesi uqhubeka nokusebenza, lunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrode ngo-18–30% ebangeni elingu-750–1,500°C.
2. Ukuzilapha Nokumelana Nokushaqeka Kokushisa
Izembozo kumele zibekezelele ukucindezeleka kokushisa okuvela emijikelezweni yokwanda/yokufinyela ephindaphindwayo. Imiklamo ethuthukisiwe iyazilungisa ngokwayo ngokusebenzisa:
Izinhlanganisela ze-Nano-Oxide Ceramic Powder-Graphene: Yakha amafilimu e-dense oxide ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwe-oxidation kwesigaba sokuqala ukuze kugcwaliswe imifantu emincane futhi kulondolozwe ubuqotho bokumboza.
Izakhiwo Ze-Polyimide-Boride Bilayer: Ingqimba yangaphandle ye-polyimide inikeza ukufudumala kukagesi, kuyilapho ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwe-boride lubangela ifilimu yokuvikela eqhubayo. I-gradient ye-elastic modulus (isb., encipha kusuka ku-18 GPa kungqimba lwangaphandle kuya ku-5 GPa kungqimba lwangaphakathi) inciphisa ukucindezeleka kokushisa.
3. Ukugeleza Nokuvala Igesi Okulungiselelwe
Ubuchwepheshe bokumboza buvame ukuhlanganiswa nezinto ezintsha zesakhiwo, njenge:
Umklamo Wembobo Enezimbobo: Izakhiwo ezinezimbobo ezincane ngaphakathi kwama-electrode, ezihlanganiswe nemikhono yokuvikela yerabha ehlanganisiwe, zithuthukisa ukuvalwa kwamalunga futhi zinciphise izingozi zokushiswa kwendawo.
Ukufuthwa nge-vacuum: Kungena emanzini okufakelwa e-SiO₂ (≤25%) kanye ne-Al₂O₃ (≤5.0%) kuma-pores e-electrode, kwakha ungqimba oluvikelayo olungama-3–5 μm oluphinda kathathu ukumelana nokugqwala.
II. Imiphumela Yokusetshenziswa Kwezimboni
1. Ukwenza Insimbi Yesithando Somlilo Se-Electric Arc (EAF)
Ukusetshenziswa Kwe-Electrode Okuncishisiwe Ngethani Lensimbi: Ama-electrode aphathwe nge-antioxidant anciphisa ukusetshenziswa kusuka ku-2.4 kg kuya ku-1.3–1.8 kg/ton, okuwukunciphisa okungu-25–46%.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Okuphansi: Ukumelana nokugqoka kwehla ngo-20–40%, okuvumela ubuningi bamandla aphezulu futhi kunciphisa izidingo zobubanzi be-electrode, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuqhubekayo.
2. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Silicon ye-Arc Furnace ecmerged (SAF)
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Electrode Ezinzile: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrode ye-silicon ngethani ngalinye kwehla kusuka ku-130 kg kuya ku-100 kg, okuwukwehla okungu-30%.
Ukuqina Kwesakhiwo Okuthuthukisiwe: Ubuningi bevolumu buhlala bungaphezu kuka-1.72 g/cm³ ngemva kwamahora angu-240 okusebenza okuqhubekayo ku-1,200°C.
3. Izicelo Zesithando Sokumelana
Ukuqina Kokushisa Okuphezulu: Ama-electrode aphathwe kahle abonisa ukunwetshwa kokuphila okungu-60% ku-1,800°C ngaphandle kokwehlukaniswa noma ukuqhekeka kokumboza.
III. Ipharamitha Yobuchwepheshe Nokuqhathaniswa Kwenqubo
| Uhlobo Lobuchwepheshe | Izinto Zokumboza | Amapharamitha Enqubo | Ukwanda Kwesikhathi Sokuphila | Izimo Zohlelo Lokusebenza |
| Izimbozo ze-Nano-ceramic | I-RLHY-305/306 | Ubukhulu besifutho: 0.1–0.5 mm; izinga lokushisa lokomisa: 100–150°C | 30–100% | Ama-EAF, ama-SAF |
| Izingqimba eziningi ezifuthwe ngomlilo | I-aluminium ye-silicon-boron aluminate | Isendlalelo se-silicon: 0.25–2 mm (2,800–3,200°C); isendlalelo se-aluminium: 0.6–2 mm | 18–30% | Ama-EAF anamandla aphezulu |
| Ukufakwa kwe-vacuum + ukumboza | uketshezi oluhlanganisiwe lwe-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-P₂O₅ | Ukwelashwa nge-vacuum: imizuzu eyi-120; ukuminza: amahora angu-5-7 | 22–60% | Ama-SAF, izitofu zokumelana |
| Izembozo ezincane eziziphilisayo | I-Nano-oxide ceramic + i-graphene | Ukwelapha nge-infrared: amahora ama-2; ubulukhuni: HV520 | 40–60% | Ama-EAF e-Premium |
IV. Ukuhlaziywa Kwezobuchwepheshe Nezomnotho
1. Izindleko Nezinzuzo
Ukwelashwa kokumboza kubala u-5–10% wezindleko ze-electrode eziphelele kodwa kwandisa impilo yesevisi ngo-20–60%, kunciphisa ngqo izindleko ze-electrode ngethani lensimbi ngo-15–30%. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwehla ngo-10–15%, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokukhiqiza.
2. Izinzuzo Zemvelo Nezenhlalo
Ukwehla kwemvamisa yokushintsha ama-electrode kunciphisa ukuqina kwabasebenzi kanye nezingozi (isb., ukusha okushisa okuphezulu).
Ihambisana nezinqubomgomo zokonga amandla, inciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO₂ ngamathani angama-0.5 ngethani lensimbi ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode aphansi.
Isiphetho
Ubuchwepheshe bokumboza i-graphite electrode busungula uhlelo lokuvikela olunezingqimba eziningi ngokuhlukaniswa ngokomzimba, ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, kanye nokwenza ngcono isakhiwo, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu, ezikhipha i-oxidation. Indlela yobuchwepheshe ishintshe kusukela ekumbozeni okunezingqimba eyodwa kuya ezakhiweni ezihlanganisiwe kanye nezinto zokuziphilisa. Intuthuko yesikhathi esizayo kubuchwepheshe be-nano kanye nezinto ezilinganisiwe izothuthukisa ukusebenza kokumboza, inikeze izixazululo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezimbonini ezinokushisa okuphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-01-2025