Ikhono eliyingqayizivele le-graphite lokuqhuba ugesi ngenkathi ilahla noma idlulisela ukushisa kude nezingxenye ezibalulekile lenza ibe into enhle kakhulu yezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi ezihlanganisa ama-semiconductors, amamotho kagesi, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamabhethri ezinsuku zamanje.
I-graphene yilokho ososayensi nonjiniyela abakubiza ngokuthi ungqimba olulodwa lwe-graphite ezingeni le-athomu, futhi lezi zendlalelo ezincane ze-graphene ziyagoqwa futhi zisetshenziswe kuma-nanotubes. Lokhu kungenzeka kungenxa ye-conductivity kagesi ehlaba umxhwele namandla angavamile nokuqina kwento.
Ama-carbon nanotubes anamuhla akhiwe ngesilinganiso sobude nobubanzi esingafika ku-132,000,000:1, esikhulu kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi enye into . Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa ku-nanotechnology, esekusha kakhulu emhlabeni wama-semiconductors, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abakhiqizi abaningi be-graphite bebelokhu benza amamaki athile e-graphite embonini ye-semiconductor amashumi eminyaka.
2. Izimoto zikagesi, amaGeneretha nama-Alternator
Izinto ze-Carbon graphite nazo zivame ukusetshenziswa kumamotho kagesi, amajeneretha, nama-alternator ngendlela yamabhulashi ekhabhoni. Kulokhu “ibhulashi” liwumshini oqhuba izintambo phakathi kwezintambo ezinganyakazi kanye nenhlanganisela yezingxenye ezihambayo, futhi ngokuvamile lihlala ku-shaft ejikelezayo.
3. Ukufakwa kwe-Ion
I-graphite manje isetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe embonini yezogesi. Isetshenziswa ekufakweni kwe-ion, ama-thermocouples, amaswishi kagesi, ama-capacitor, ama-transistors, namabhethri futhi.
Ukufakwa kwe-ion kuyinqubo yobunjiniyela lapho ama-ion wento ethile esheshiswa khona endaweni kagesi futhi ethinteka kokunye okubalulekile, njengendlela yokufakelwa. Ingenye yezinqubo ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ama-microchips kumakhompyutha ethu esimanje, futhi ama-athomu e-graphite ngokuvamile angenye yezinhlobo zama-athomu afakwa kulawa ma-microchips asekelwe ku-silicon .
Ngaphandle kwendima eyingqayizivele ye-graphite ekukhiqizeni ama-microchips, izinto ezintsha ezisekelwe ku-graphite manje sezisetshenziswa esikhundleni sama-capacitor nama-transistors endabuko. Ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi, i-graphene ingase ibe enye indlela ye-silicon ngokuphelele. Izacile izikhathi eziyi-100 kune-silicon transistor encane kakhulu, iqhuba ugesi kahle kakhulu, futhi inezici ezingavamile ezingaba wusizo kakhulu kukhompyutha ye-quantum. I-graphene iphinde yasetshenziswa kuma-capacitor anamuhla. Eqinisweni, ama-graphene supercapacitor kuthiwa anamandla ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-20 kunama-capacitor endabuko (akhulula u-20 W/cm3), futhi angaba namandla aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3 kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion anamuhla anamandla amakhulu.
4. Amabhethri
Uma kukhulunywa ngamabhethri (iseli elomile ne-lithium-Ion), izinto ze-carbon ne-graphite ziye zaba wusizo nalapha. Endabeni yeseli elomile lendabuko (amabhethri esivame ukuwasebenzisa kumarediyo ethu, amathoshi, amarimothi, namawashi), i-electrode yensimbi noma i-graphite rod (i-cathode) izungezwe ukunamathisela okumanzi kwe-electrolyte, futhi kokubili kuhlanganiswe ngaphakathi. isilinda sensimbi .
Amabhethri anamuhla e-lithium-ion asebenzisa i-graphite nawo - njenge-anode. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion amadala asebenzisa izinto ze-graphite zendabuko, kodwa manje njengoba i-graphene isitholakala kalula, ama-graphene anode manje asetshenziswa esikhundleni - ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili; 1. I-graphene anode ibamba amandla kangcono futhi 2. ithembisa isikhathi sokushaja esishesha izikhathi ezingu-10 kunebhethri ye-lithium-ion evamile .
Amabhethri e-lithium-ion aphinde ashajwa aya aduma kakhulu kulezi zinsuku. Manje zivame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zethu zikagesi zasekhaya, izinto zikagesi eziphathwayo, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, amafoni ahlakaniphile, izimoto zikagesi eziyingxubevange, izimoto zamasosha, nasezinsizeni zasemkhathini futhi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-15-2021