"Ukukalwa kwamandla" bekuyisihloko esishisayo e-China kusukela ngoSepthemba. Isizathu "sokulinganisa amandla" ukukhuthazwa komgomo "wokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni" nokulawula ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, kukhona amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene amanani izinto zokusetshenziswa izindaba kwavela omunye ngemva komunye, phakathi kwazo graphite electrode, impahla ebaluleke kakhulu embonini yensimbi, uye wathola ukunakwa kancane kusukela emakethe kulo nyaka, futhi imboni yensimbi kanye carbon kokungathathi hlangothi.
I-Industrial chain: isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni insimbi
I-electrode ye-graphite iwuhlobo lokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-graphite conductive material, i-graphite electrode ingakwazi ukuqhuba isizukulwane samanje namandla, ukuze incibilikise insimbi engcolile esithandweni somlilo noma ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ukukhiqiza insimbi neminye imikhiqizo yensimbi, esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizeni insimbi. I-electrode ye-graphite iwuhlobo lwempahla enokumelana okuphansi nokumelana ne-thermal gradient esithandweni se-arc sikagesi. Izici eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwe-graphite electrode umjikelezo omude wokukhiqiza (imvamisa uhlala izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu), ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza eyinkimbinkimbi.
Isimo se-Industrial chain ye-graphite electrode:
Imboni ye-graphite electrode ihlanganisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhuphukayo ikakhulukazi ze-petroleum coke, i-coke yenaliti, inani lama-akhawunti wezinto zokusetshenziswa zezindleko zokukhiqiza i-graphite electrode likhulu, libiza ngaphezu kuka-65%, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza inaliti ye-coke yaseChina nobuchwepheshe obuhlobene neJapane namanye amazwe kusekhona igebe elikhulu, inani lenaliti yasekhaya ye-cokencencence kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-coke ye-coke isenzima kakhulu, ikhwalithi ephezulu ye-coke isenzima ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-coke isezingeni eliphezulu. Ngo-2018, inani eliphelele le-coke yenaliti e-China lalingamathani angama-418,000, lapho amathani angama-218,000 angeniswa kwamanye amazwe, abalwa ngaphezu kwama-50%. Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko komfula wama-electrode e-graphite kusekwenzeni insimbi ye-eAF.
I-electrode ye-graphite isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuncibilikiseni insimbi nensimbi. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-graphite electrode e-China ngokuyisisekelo kuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yensimbi nensimbi yaseShayina. I-electrode yaseChina ye-graphite yaqala ngawo-1950. I-Warburg Securities ihlukanise ukuthuthukiswa kwe-graphite electrode e-China ngezigaba ezintathu:
1. Yaqala ukuthuthukiswa ngo-1995 - ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi ngo-2011;
2. Ukuhlukaniswa kwebhizinisi kwaqina ngo-2013 - umnotho waba ngcono kakhulu ngo-2017;
3. Unyaka ka-2018 usezingeni eliphansi - izimpi zamanani ziyaqubuka ngo-2019.
Ukuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo: Isidingo sensimbi yesithando sikagesi sibangela iningi
Mayelana nokuphumayo nokusetshenziswa, ngokokuhlaziya kuka-Frost Sullivan, ukukhiqizwa kwama-electrode e-graphite e-China kwehle kusuka kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.53 ngo-2015 kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.50 ngo-2016, okubonisa ukwehla. Ngo-2020, lolu bhubhane lwaba nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwabakhiqizi ngenxa yemikhawulo yabaphathi emahoreni okusebenza, ukuphazamiseka kwabasebenzi kanye nezinguquko ezinqubweni zokusebenza.
Ngenxa yalokho, ukukhiqizwa kwe-China kwama-graphite electrode kwehle kakhulu. Kulindeleke ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kufinyelele ku-1,142.6 kilotons ngo-2025, ne-cagR engaba ngu-9.7% kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2025, njengoba imisebenzi iqala futhi nokwesekwa kwenqubomgomo yabaphathi yokuthuthukiswa kwensimbi ye-eAF.
Ngakho lokho okukhiphayo, bese ukusetshenziswa. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode e-graphite e-China kwaqala ukwanda kusukela ngo-2016, kwafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.59 ngo-2020, ne-cagR engu-10.3% kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2020. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode e-graphite kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-0.94 ngo-2025. Ngezansi kunemininingwane yokukhiqizwa kwe-electrode ye-ejensi ye-electrode.
Ukukhishwa kwe-graphite electrode kuhambisana nalokho kwensimbi ye-EAF. Ukukhula kokuphuma kwensimbi ye-EAF kuzoqhuba isidingo se-graphite electrode esikhathini esizayo. I-China ikhiqize amathani ayizigidi eziyi-127.4 ensimbi ye-eaf kanye namathani angama-742,100 wama-graphite electrode ngo-2019, ngokusho kweWorld Iron and Steel Association kanye neChina Carbon Industry Association. Izinga lokukhipha kanye nokukhula kwe-graphite electrode e-China kuhlobene kakhulu nokukhishwa kanye nezinga lokukhula kwensimbi ye-eAF e-China.
Ngo-2019 nango-2020, isidingo somhlaba wonke sensimbi ye-eAF nensimbi engeyona eye-EAF singamathani angu-1.376,800 namathani angu-1.472,300 ngokulandelana. I-Warburg Securities ibikezela ukuthi isidingo esiphelele somhlaba wonke sizokhuphuka kakhulu eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo futhi sifinyelele amathani angaba ngu-2.104,400 ngo-2025. Isidingo sensimbi yesithando somlilo silandisa ngobuningi, okulinganiselwa ukuthi sifinyelele amathani ayi-1,809,500 ngo-2025.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-blast furnace steel making, ukwenza insimbi yesithando somlilo kagesi kunezinzuzo ezisobala ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokwakhiwa kwensimbi yensimbi, ukwenza insimbi ngethani elingu-1 lensimbi engalahliwe kunganciphisa amathani angu-1.6 okukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide kanye namathani angu-3 emfucumfucu eqinile. Ucwaningo lwe-brokerage ukuthi isithando somlilo sikagesi kanye nensimbi yesithando somlilo ngethani ngalinye lesilinganiso sokukhishwa kwekhabhoni ezingeni elingu-0.5:1.9. Abacwaningi bama-brokerage bathi, "ukuthuthukiswa kwensimbi yesithando somlilo kufanele kube umkhuba ojwayelekile."
NgoMeyi, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi ukhiphe Isaziso Sezinyathelo Zokuqaliswa Kokubuyiselwa Kwamandla Embonini Yensimbi Nensimbi, esaqalwa ngokusemthethweni ngoJuni 1. Izinyathelo zokuqalisa zokushintsha umthamo zizokwandisa kakhulu ingxenye yokushintshwa kwensimbi futhi kwandiswe izindawo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela nokulawula ukungcoliswa komoya. Izikhungo zikholelwa ukuthi indlela entsha yokubuyisela umthamo izophinde inciphise umthamo wensimbi, ihlanganise imboni yensimbi ukuxazulula umthamo oweqile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwendlela ebuyekeziwe yokubuyisela kuzosheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-eAF, futhi ingxenye yensimbi ye-eAF izokhula kancane kancane.
I-electrode ye-graphite iyinto eyinhloko yesithando somlilo kagesi, ekhuthazwa ukufunwa kwesithando somlilo kagesi, isidingo saso kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke sikhuphuka, i-graphite electrode ithintwa ngentengo yayo.
Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo okukhulu: izici ze-cyclical
Kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2016, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-graphite electrode yehla ngenxa yesidingo esintengayo somfula, futhi amanani e-graphite electrode ahlala ephansi. Ngo-2016 ngabakhiqizi be-graphite electrode umthamo womugqa ophuma ngaphansi kwezindleko zokukhiqiza, i-inventory social kuya kwabaphansi, ukuphela kwenqubomgomo ka-2017 ukukhansela i-DeTiaoGang intermediate frequency furnace, inani elikhulu lensimbi eyi-scrap esithandweni sensimbi, imboni ye-graphite electrode e-China engxenyeni yesibili ka-2017 ifuna ukukhuphuka kwesidingo, ngenxa yokwenyuka kwentengo ye-electrode yezinto zokwakha. ngokucijile ngo-2017, Ngo-2019, isifinyelele ku-$3,769.9 ngethani, ikhuphuke izikhathi ezingu-5.7 kusukela ngo-2016.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-15-2021