[Inaliti Coke] Ukunikezela kanye nezici zokuhlaziya nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-needle coke e-China
I. Inani lemakethe yenaliti ye-coke yaseChina
Ngo-2016, umthamo wokukhiqiza wenaliti yomhlaba wonke wawungamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.07/ngonyaka, futhi amandla okukhiqiza e-China yenaliti eyi-coke ayengamathani angu-350,000/ngonyaka, okuhlanganisa u-32.71% womthamo wokukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke. Ngo-2021, umthamo wokukhiqiza we-need coke emhlabeni wonke ukhuphuke wafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezi-3.36/ngonyaka, phakathi kwawo amandla okukhiqiza inaliti ye-China ayengamathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.29/ngonyaka, okubalelwa ku-68.15% womthamo wokukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke. Amabhizinisi aseShayina okukhiqiza i-coke yenaliti akhuphuke afinyelela ku-22. Isamba sokukhiqiza samabhizinisi enaliti ye-coke yasekhaya sikhuphuke ngo-554.29% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2016, kuyilapho amandla okukhiqiza inaliti yangaphandle ayezinzile. Ngo-2022, amandla e-China okukhiqiza i-coke yenaliti akhuphuke afinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.72, ukwanda cishe izikhathi ezingu-7.7, futhi inani labakhiqizi be-coke bezinaliti baseShayina liye landa lafinyelela ku-27, okubonisa intuthuko enkulu yemboni, futhi ibheka umhlaba wonke. , ingxenye ye-coke yenaliti yaseChina emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe ibilokhu ikhula unyaka nonyaka.
1. Amandla okukhiqiza amafutha enaliti coke
Umthamo wokukhiqiza we-oil-series needle coke waqala ukukhula ngokushesha kusukela ngo-2019. Kusukela ngo-2017 kuya ku-2019, imakethe yaseChina ye-oil-series inaliti ye-coke yayibuswa yizinyathelo zamalahle, kuyilapho ukuthuthukiswa kwe-oil-series inaliti ye-coke kwakuhamba kancane. Iningi lamabhizinisi akhona asungulwe afakwa ekukhiqizeni ngemuva kuka-2018, futhi amandla okukhiqiza i-oil-series inaliti coke e-China afinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.59 ngo-2022. Ukukhiqizwa kwaqhubeka kwanda unyaka nonyaka. Ngo-2019, imakethe ye-graphite electrode engezansi yajika kakhulu, futhi isidingo se-coke yenaliti sasibuthakathaka. Ngo-2022, ngenxa yomthelela wobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 kanye nama-Olimpiki Wasebusika kanye neminye imicimbi yomphakathi, isidingo sehlile, kuyilapho izindleko ziphezulu, amabhizinisi awakhuthazi kangako ukukhiqiza, futhi ukukhula komkhiqizo kuhamba kancane.
2. Amandla okukhiqiza we-coke yenaliti yokulinganisa amalahle
Umthamo wokukhiqiza we-coke yenaliti yokukala amalahle nawo ulokhu ukhula unyaka nonyaka, usuka kumathani angama-350,000 ngo-2017 uya kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.2 ngo-2022. Kusukela ngo-2020, isabelo semakethe sesilinganiso samalahle siyehla, futhi uchungechunge lwenaliti ye-oil coke luba inkomba yenaliti coke. Ngokuphathelene nomkhiqizo, igcine ukukhula kusukela ku-2017 kuya ku-2019. Kusukela ku-2020, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindleko zaziphezulu futhi inzuzo yaguqulwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isidingo se-graphite electrode sasingesihle.
Ⅱ. Ukuhlaziywa kwesidingo senaliti ye-Coke e-China
1. Ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe kwezinto ze-lithium anode
Kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ezingezinhle, ukukhishwa konyaka kwezinto ezingezinhle zase-China kukhule kancane kancane kusukela ngo-2017 kuya ku-2019. Ngo-2020, kuthintwa ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwemakethe yetheminali engezansi komfula, isiqalo sonke sebhethri lamandla siqala ukukhula, isidingo semakethe sikhuphuka kakhulu. , kanye nama-oda wamabhizinisi we-electrode engalungile ayanda, futhi isiqalo sebhizinisi sonke sikhula ngokushesha futhi sigcine umfutho okhuphukayo. Ngo-2021-2022, ukukhiqizwa kwe-lithium cathode yaseChina kwabonisa ukukhula okukhulu, izuza ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwesimo sebhizinisi sezimboni ezisezansi nomfula, ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha, ukugcinwa kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa, amandla amancane nezinye izimakethe nazo zibonise ukuhlukahluka. amadigri okukhula, kanye namabhizinisi amakhulu ajwayelekile e-cathode material agcina ukukhiqizwa okugcwele. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukukhishwa kwezinto ezingezinhle ze-electrode kulindeleke ukuthi kudlule amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.1 ngo-2022, futhi umkhiqizo usesimweni sokushoda, futhi ithemba lokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingezinhle zama-electrode libanzi.
I-needle coke imboni ekhuphukayo yebhethri ye-lithium nezinto ze-anode, ehlobene eduze nokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe ye-lithium yebhethri ne-cathode. Izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwebhethri ye-lithium ikakhulukazi zifaka ibhethri lamandla, ibhethri lomthengi kanye nebhethri yokugcina amandla. Ngo-2021, amabhethri kagesi azoba ngu-68%, amabhethri omthengi angu-22%, namabhethri okugcina amandla ku-10% wesakhiwo somkhiqizo webhethri ye-lithium ion yaseChina.
Ibhethri lamandla liyingxenye esemqoka yezimoto zamandla amasha. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokusetshenziswa kwenqubomgomo “yesiqongo sekhabhoni, ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni”, imboni yezimoto zamandla entsha yaseShayina ingenise ithuba elisha lomlando. Ngo-2021, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zamandla amasha emhlabeni wonke kwafinyelela ezigidini ezingu-6.5, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwamabhethri kagesi kwafinyelela ku-317GWh, okukhuphuke ngo-100.63% unyaka nonyaka. Ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zaseShayina kufinyelele ezigidini ezingu-3.52, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamabhethri kagesi kwafinyelela ku-226GWh, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-182.50 unyaka nonyaka. Kulindeleke ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwebhethri lamandla emhlabeni wonke kufinyelele ku-1,550GWh ngo-2025 kanye naku-3,000GWh ngo-2030. Imakethe yaseShayina izogcina isikhundla sayo njengemakethe yebhethri yamandla amakhulu kakhulu emhlabeni ngesabelo semakethe esizinzile esingaphezu kuka-50%.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-21-2022